혈액 및 일반 세균배양에서 검출된 균종과 항균제 감수성 추이(1997~2001)

Trends of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test for Bacterias Isolated from Blood, Urine, Stool, and Cerebrospinal Fluid(1997~2001)

  • Hong, Mi Ae (Department of Pediatrics, Hanil General Hospital) ;
  • Oh, Kyung Chang (Department of Pediatrics, Hanil General Hospital) ;
  • Ahn, Seng In (Department of Pediatrics, Hanil General Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Bong Rim (Department of Pediatrics, Hanil General Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Yun Ho (Department of Pediatrics, Hanil General Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Sung Seop (Department of Pediatrics, Hanil General Hospital) ;
  • Chang, Jin Keun (Department of Pediatrics, Hanil General Hospital) ;
  • Jeun, Kyoung So (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanil General Hospital) ;
  • Cha, Sung Ho (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee university)
  • 발행 : 2003.11.30

초록

목 적 : 연도별 항균제 감수성의 추이를 파악하는 것은 항생제 치료에 대한 정보를 얻는데 매우 중요하다. 이에 저자들은 1997년부터 2001년까지의 혈액, 뇨, 분변 및 뇌척수액에서 분리된 균종 및 그들의 항균제 감수성검사를 분석하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 1월부터 2001년 12월 사이에 신생아에서 18세까지의 한일병원 소아과 외래 및 입원환아로부터 혈액, 요, 분변 및 뇌척수액에서 분리된 검출물을 대상으로 검사대장을 통해서 원인균주와 항균제 감수성 검사를 후향적으로 조사 분석하였다. 결 과 : 6,974검체의 혈액배양에서 226검체(3.3%), 4,549검체의 요배양에서 365검체(8.0%), 2,593검체의 분변 배양에서 50검체(1.9%) 및 655검체의 뇌척수액배양에서 9검체(1.4%)로부터 원인 균주가 분리되었다. 1) 혈액배양에서 Staphylococcus epidermidis(33.5%), Staphylococcus aureus(19.7%), Escherichia coli(13.8%)와 Burkholderia cepacia(9.0%) 순으로 많았고 요배양에서 E. coli(74.7%), GroupD Enterococcus(11.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(7.1%)와 Proteus mirabilis(2.5%) 순으로 많았으며 분변배양에서 Group D Salmonella 및 뇌척수액배양에서 Group B Streptococcus가 많이 분리되었다. 연도별 주요 원인균주의 빈도는 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 2) 혈액배양에서 40명의 S. aureus 양성 환아 중 27명에서 methicillin에 내성을 갖는 S. aureus가 관찰되었다. 3) 혈액배양에서의 E. coli의 amikacin과 3세대 cephalosporin제제인 ceftizoxime 및 ceftriaxone에 대한 감수성률은 1997년도에 각각 80%, 100%, 80%와 2001년도에 각각 60%, 80%, 60%이었고 요배양에서 K. pneumoniae의 amikacin과 ceftizoxime 및 ceftriaxone에 대한 감수성률은 1997년도에 각각 80%, 100%, 80%와 2001년도에 각각 50%, 83%, 50%이었다. 4) 요배양에서의 Group D Enterococcus 양성률은 1997년도에 6.7%에서 2001년에는 15.8%에서 분리되었으며 다약제 내성을 보였고, 특히 vancomycin에 대해서는 11~33% 정도의 균주가 내성을 보였다. 5) Group D Salmonella의 amikacin과 3세대 cephalosporin계 항생제인 ceftizoxime 및 ceftriaxone에 대한 감수성률은 각각 96%, 96%, 92%이었다. 결 론 : 혈액배양에서 methicillin에 내성을 갖는 S. aureus가 67%에서 관찰되었으나 vancomycin에 내성을 갖는 S. aureus는 관찰되지 않았다. 혈액배양에서의 E. coli와 요배양에서의 K. pneumoniae의 amikacin과 3세대 cephalosporin제제에 대한 내성이 증가하는 경향이었으며 요배양에서의 Group D Enterococcus의 검출율이 증가하였고, vancomycin에 대한 내성이 17%에서 관찰되었다.

Purpose : To know the trends of antimicrobial susceptibility is critical for antimicrobial treatment. We studied the organisms isolated from blood, urine, stool, and cerebrospinal fluid from 1997 to 2001 to reveal the trends of their antimicrobial susceptibility. Methods : We conducted a retrospective study with isolates obtained from 0~18 year old outpatients and inpatients from 1997 to 2001 at Department of Pediatrics, Hanil general hospital. We gathered the data through the laboratory test files and the origin of microorganisms cultured from blood, urine, stool and cerebrospinal fluid and their antimicrobial susceptibility. Results : Microorganisms were isolated from 226(3.3%) out of 6,974 blood cultures, 365 (8.0%) out of 4,549 urine cultures, 50(1.9%) out of 2,593 stool cultures and 9(1.4%) in 655 cerebrospinal fluid cultures. The most frequently isolated organisms from blood cultures was Staphylococcus epidermidis(33.5%) which was followed by Staphylococcus aureus(19.7%), Escherichia coli(13.8%), and Burkholderia cepacia(9.0%). Among the urine cultures, E. coli was the most common(74.7%) which was followed by Group D Enterococcus(11.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(7.1%) and Proteus mirabilis(2.5%). The positive stool cultures all yield Salmonella species. Group D Salmonella was obtained most frequently. Among the positive cerebrospinal fluid cultures, Group B Streptococcus was isolated most frequently. Among the 40 cases of S. aureus in blood cultures, 27 cases were methicillin-resistant. The rates of susceptibility for amikacin, ceftizoxime and ceftriaxone of E. coli isolated from blood cultures were 80%, 100% and 60% in 1997 and 60%, 80% and 60% in 2001. The rates of susceptibility for amikacin, ceftizoxime and ceftriaxone of K. pnumoniae isolated from urine cultures. were 80%, 100% and 80% in 1997 and 50%, 83% and 50% in 2001 Enterococcus was isolated from 6.7% to 15.8% and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus was observed in 17% of Group D Enterococcus isolated from urine cultures. The rates of susceptibility for amikacin, ceftizoxime and ceftriaxone of Group D Salmonella were 96%, 96% and 92% during the study period. Conclusion : Among the blood cultures S. epidermidis, S. aureus, E. coli and B. cepacia were isolated in order of frequency and among the urine cultures E. coli, Group D Enterococcus, K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis were isolated in order of frequency. During the study period there was no big difference in major organisms isolated from blood and urine. The methicillin-resistant S. aureus was observed in 67% of S. aureus isolated from blood cultures but vancomycin-reistant S. aureus or vancomycin intermediate resistant S. aureus was not observed. The rates of susceptibility to amikacin and the third generation cephalosporin of E. coli isolated from blood cultures and K. pneumoniae from urine cultures have decreased. The isolation rates of Group D Enterococcus and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus have increased.

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