Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (한국수산과학회지)

The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science (한국수산과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Flocculation of Red Tide Organisms in Sea Water by Using an Ignited Oyster Shell Powder and Loess Combination

소성굴패각분말과 황토의 동시 사용에 의한 적조생물의 응집

  • KIM Sung-Jae (Department of Marine Environmental Engineering and institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 김성재 (경상대학교 해양환경공학과/해양산업연구소)
  • Published : 2003.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study determined the optimum dosage for coagulation reactions of red tide organisms (RTO) using a combination of ignited oyster shell powder (10sp) and loess and examined the electrokinetic and rheological characteristics of their flocs. Two kinds of RTO, Cylindrotheca closterium and Skeletonema costatum, were sampled in Masan Bay and cultured in the laboratory. Coagulation experiments were conducted using various concentrations of IOSP, loess, IOSP+1oess, RTO, and a jar tester RTO cell numbers were counted for both the supernatant and RTO culture solution. The removal rates increased rapidly with increasing IOSP concentrations up to 50 mg/L and loess concentrations up to 800 mg/L. A removal rate of $100\%$ was reached at 400 mg/L of IOSP and 6,400 mg/L of loess. The highest increment $(16.7\%)$ of the rates of coagulation reaction occurred using both IOSP and loess (50+200 mg/L) in comparison with IOSP alone. The rate of coagulation reaction using both IOSP and loess (50+200 mg/L), $90.6\%,$ was similar to employing either IOSP of 150 mg/L or loess of 3,200 mg/L. All of the coagulation liquids for RTO, IOSP (200 mg/L), loess (200 ma/L), and IOSP+1oess (200+200 mg/L) revealed non-Newtonian fluid properties and therefore their shear rate vs. shear stress curves were non-linear. The coagulation liquids revealed elastic body properties at a lower shear rate increasing in the following order: RTO, IOSP (200 mg/L), loess (200 mg/L), and IOSP+1oess (200+200 mg/L. IOSP+1oess (200+200 mg/L) especially demonstrated plastic flow properties at a lower shear rate.

Keywords

References

  1. Ayoub, G.M., S.I. Lee and B. Koopman. 1985. Seawater induced algal flocculation. Wat. Res., 20, 1265-1271
  2. Benefield, L.D., J.F. Judkins, Jr. and B.L. Weand. 1982. Process Chemistry for Water and Wastewater Treatment. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp. 211- 238
  3. Cho, H.C. 1985. Rheology. Daehan Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd, Seoul, pp. 90-98. (in Korean)
  4. Dzombak, D.A. and F.M.M. Morel. 1987. Adsorption of inorganic pollutants in aquatic systems. J. Hydraulic Eng., 113, 430-475 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1987)113:4(430)
  5. Ferguson, J.F. and L. Vrale. 1984. Chemical aspects of the lime seawater process. J. Wat. Pollut. Cont. Fed., 56, 355-363
  6. Flentje, M.E. 1927. Calcium reclamation by excess time treatment of effluent. J. Am. Wat. Works Ass., 17, pp. 253
  7. Folkman, Y. and A.M. Wachs. 1973. Removal of algae from stabilization pond effluents by lime treatment. Wat. Res., 7, 419-435 https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(73)90024-9
  8. Friedman, A.A., D.A. Peaks and R.L. Nichols. 1977. Algae separation from oxidation pond effluents. J. Wat. Pollut. Control Fed., 49, 111-119
  9. Hiemenz, J.A. 1977. Principles of colloid and surface chemistry, In: Undergraduate Chemistry, Vol. 4, J.J. Lagowski, ed. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, pp. 445-447
  10. Israelachvili, J.N. 1982. Forces between surfaces in liquids. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci, 16, 31-47 https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8686(82)85004-5
  11. Ives, K.J. 1956. Electrokinetic phenomena of planktonic algae. Proc. Soc. Wat. Treat. Exam. 5, 41-58
  12. James, R.O. and G.A. Parks. 1982. Characterization of aqueous colloids by their electrical double-layer and intrinsic surface chemical properties, In: Surface and Colloid Science, Vol. 12, E. Matijevi , ed., Wiley, New York, pp. 119-216
  13. Kim, S.J. 1999. Settling characteristics of natural loess particles in seawater. J. Kor. Fish. Soc., 32, 706-712. (in Korean)
  14. Kim, S.J. 2000. Removal of red tide organisms: 2. Flocculation of red tide organisms by using loess. J. Kor. Fish. Soc., 33, 455-462. (in Korean)
  15. Kim, S.J. and K.D. Cho. 2000. Removal of red tide organisms: 1. Flocculation of red tide organisms by using I0SP. J. Kor. Fish. Soc., 33, 448-454. (in Korean)
  16. LeCompte, A.R. 1966. Water reclamation by excess lime treatment of effluent. TAPPI, 49, 121-124
  17. Lyklema, J. and H.P. van Leeuwen. 1982. Dynamic pro- perties of the AgI solution interface: implications for colloid stability. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 16, 127-137 https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8686(82)85012-4
  18. Overbeek, J.Th.G. 1952. Electrochemistry of the double layer, In: Irreversible Systems, H.R. Kruyt, ed., Elsevier Publishing Co., Amsterdam, pp. 115-193
  19. Overbeek, J.Th.G. 1977. Recent developments in the understanding of colloid stability. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1, 431-445
  20. Parks, G.A. and P.L. DeBruyn. 1962. The zero point of charge of oxides. J. Phy. Chem., 66, 967-973 https://doi.org/10.1021/j100812a002
  21. Standard Experiment Methods for Marine Environments. Issue No. 1998-4, Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries, pp. 249-252. (in Korean)
  22. Tenney, M.W. and W. Stumm. 1965. Chemical flocculation of microorganisms in biological waste treatment. J. Wat. Pollut. Control Fed., 37, 1370-1388
  23. Vrale, L. 1978. Chemical precipitation of wastewater with lime and seawater. Prog. Wat. Technol., 10, 645-656

Cited by

  1. Removal Improvement in Water Treatment Plant for Occurrence of Diatoms (Synedra sp.) in the Nakdong River vol.36, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2014.36.1.29
  2. Effects of the Loess Coating on Seed Germination and Seedling Growths of the Eelgrass, Zostera marina vol.22, pp.2, 2003, https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2007.22.2.141
  3. Assessing the removal efficiency of Synedra sp. through analysis of field data from water treatment plants vol.11, pp.2, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/mwt.2020.11.2.141