티타늄과 니켈-크롬 합금의 도재결합강도 비교

COMPARISON OF THE BOND STRENGTH OF CERAMICS FUSED TO TITANIUM AND Ni-Cr ALLOY

  • 박세영 (부산대학교 치과대학 보철학교실) ;
  • 전영찬 (부산대학교 치과대학 보철학교실) ;
  • 정창모 (부산대학교 치과대학 보철학교실)
  • Park Sae-Young (Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jeon Young-Chan (Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jeong Chang-Mo (Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Pusan National University)
  • 발행 : 2003.02.01

초록

Titanium requires special ceramic system for veneering. Low fusing dental ceramics with coefficients of thermal expansion matching that of titanium have been developed. The purpose of this study was determine the bond strengths between cast and noncast pure titanium and two commercial titanium porcelains, and to compare the results with a conventional nickel-chromium alloy-ceramic system. The bond strengths were determined using a 3-point flexure test. Three-point flexure specimens $25{\times}3{\times}0.5mm$ were prepared After removal of ${\alpha}-case$ layer, they were veneered with $8{\times}3{\times}1mm$ of ceramics at the center of the bar. Specimens were tested in a universal testing machine. Within the limits of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The bond strengths between pure titanium and two commercial porcelains exceeded th lower limit of the bonding strength value in ISO 9693(25MPa). 2. There was no significant difference between cast and noncast titanium-porcelain bonds. 3. There was no significant difference between two commercial titanium porcelains. 4. The bond strengths of the titanium-porcelain systems ranged from 73% to 79% of that of the Ni-Cr-conventional porcelain system.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Bagby M, Marshall SJ, Marshall GW. Metal ceramic compatibility: A review of the literature. J Prosthet Dent 1990;63:21-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(90)90259-F
  2. Dent RJ, Preston JD, Moffa JP. Effect of oxidation on ceramometal bond strength. J Prosthet Dent 1982;47:59-62 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(82)90243-8
  3. Moffa JP. Alternative dental casting alloys. Dent Clin North Am 1983;27:733-46
  4. Moffa JP, Lugassy AA, Guckes AD, Gottleman L. An evaluation of nonprecious alloys for use with porcelain veneers. Part I . Physical properties. J Prosthet Dent 1973;30:424-31 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(73)90164-9
  5. Kelly JR, Rose TC. Nonprecious alloys for use in fIxed prosthodontics: A literature review. J Prosthet Dent 1983;49:363 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(83)90279-2
  6. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimoto J. Contemporary fIxed prosthodontics. 3rd ed. St. Louis:Mosby;2001. p.488-512
  7. Kupper H. Pure titanium as an alternative material in restorative dentistry. QDT 1992;143-52
  8. Wang RR, Fenton A. Titanium for prosthodontic applications: A review of the literature. Quintessence Int 1996;27:401-8
  9. Kasemo B. Biocompatibility of titanium implants: Surface science aspects. J Prosthet Dent 1983;49:832-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(83)90359-1
  10. Parr GR, Gardner LK, Toth RW. Titanium: the mystery metal of implant dentistry. Dental materials aspects. J Prosthet Dent 1985;54:410-4
  11. Bergman B, Bessing C, Ericson G. et al.A 2-year follow-up study titanium crowns. Acta Odontol Scand 1990;48:113-7 https://doi.org/10.3109/00016359009005866
  12. Blackman R, Barghi N, Tran C. Dimensional changes in casting titanium removable partial denture frameworks. J Prosthet Dent 1991;65:309-15 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(91)90181-U
  13. Bridgeman JT, Marker VA, Hummel SK, et al. Comparison of titanium and cobaltchromium removable partial denture clasps. J Prosthet Dent 1997;78:187-93 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(97)70124-0
  14. Eugene P. Titanium and titanium alloy as dental materials. Int Dent J 1993;43:245-53
  15. Christer B, Maud B. The castability of unalloyed titanium in three different casting machines. Swed Dent J 1992;16:109-13
  16. AI-Mesmar HS, Morgano SM, Mark LE. Investigation of the effect of three sprue designs on the porosity and the completeness of titanium cast removable partial denture frameworks. J Prosthet Dent 1999;82:15-21 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(99)70126-5
  17. Taira M, Moser JB, Greener EH. Studiesof Ti alloys for dental castings. Dent Mater 1989;5:45-50 https://doi.org/10.1016/0109-5641(89)90093-6
  18. Low D, Mori T. Titanium full crown casting: thermal expansion of investments and crown accuracy. Dent Mater 1999;15:185-90 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0109-5641(99)00031-7
  19. Zinelis S. Effect of pressure of helium, argon, kryton, and xenon on the porosity, microstructure, and mechanical properties of commercially pure titanium castings. J Prosthet Dent 2000;84:575-82 https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2000.109479
  20. Muller HJ, Giuseppetti AA, Waterstrat RM. Phosphate-bonded investment materials for titanium casting. 'Abstract 2072' J Dent Res 1990;69(special issue)
  21. Watanabe I. Watkins JH. NakajimaH.et al. Effect of pressure difference on the quality of titanium casting. J Dent Res 1997;3:773-9
  22. Syverud M, Hero H, Mold filling of Ti castings using investments with different gas permeability. Dent Mater 1995;11:14-8
  23. Hero H, Syverud M, Waali M. Mold filling and porosity in casting of titanium. Dent Mater 1993;9:15-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0109-5641(93)90098-B
  24. Andersson M, Bergman B, Bessing C, et al. Clinical results with titanium crowns fabricated with machine duplication and spark erosion. Acta Odontol Scand 1989;47:279-86 https://doi.org/10.3109/00016358909007713
  25. Sjogren G, Andersson M, Bergman M. Laser welding of titanium in dentistry. Acta Odontol Scand 1988;46:247-53 https://doi.org/10.3109/00016358809004774
  26. Einar B, Warren CW, Geir D, Edward RD. Mechanical properties of laser-welded cast and wrought titanium. J Prosthet Dent 1995;74:250-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(05)80131-3
  27. Leong D, Chai J, Lautenschlager E, Gilbert J. Marginal fit of machine-milled titanium and cast titanium single crowns. Int J Prosthdont 1994;7:440-7
  28. Valderrama S, Rokel NV, Andersson M, et al. A comparison of the marginal and internal adaptation of titanium and gold-platinurn-palladium metal ceramic crowns. Int J Prosthdont 1995;8:29-37
  29. Togaya T, Suzuki M, Tsutsumi S. Ida K. An application of pure titanium to the metal porcelain system. Dent Mater J 1983;2:210-9 https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.2.210
  30. Kononen M, Kivilahti J. Bonding of low fusing dental porcelain to commercially pure titanium. J Biomed Mater Res 1994;28:1027-35 https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820280907
  31. Kimura H, Horning CJ, Okazaki M, Takahashi J. Thermal compatibility of titanium-porcelain system. J Osaka Uni Dent Sch 1990;30:43-52
  32. Hanses G, Smedberg JI, Ekenback J, Nilner K. A 2-year follow-up study of machine fabricated titanium bridges. 'IADR abstract 045' J Dent Res 2001;80(special issue)
  33. Kaus T, Proster L, Weber H. Clinical follow-up study of ceramic veneered itanium restorations-Three-year results. Int J Prosthodont 1996;9:9-15
  34. Nilson H, Bergman B, Bessing C, et al. Titanium copings veneered with procera ceramics: A longitudinal clinical study. Int J Prosthodont 1994;7:115-9
  35. Walter M, Reppel PD, Boning K, Freesmeyer WB. Six-year follow-up of titanium and high-gold porcelain-fused-to-metal fixed partial dentures. J Oral Rehabil 1999;26:91-6 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.1999.00373.x
  36. International Standard Organization(ISO)/DIS 9693 (1999) Dental ceramic fused to metal restorative materials. Draft International Standard
  37. Knap FJ, Ryge G. Study of bond strength of dental porcelain fused to metal. J Prosthet Dent 1966;45:1047-51
  38. Shell JS, Nielsen JP. Study of the bond between gold alloys and porcelain. J Dent Res 1962;41:1424-37 https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345620410062101
  39. Hautaniemi JA, Hero H, Juhanoja JT. On the bonding of porcelain on titanium. J Mater Sci 1992;3:186-91
  40. Kimura H, Horning CJ, Okazak MI. Oxidation effect on porcelain titanium interface reation and bond strength. Dent Mater J 1990;9:91-9 https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.9.91
  41. Adachi M, Macket JR, Parry EE, Fairhurst CW. Oxide Adherence and Porcelain Bonding to titanium and Ti-6AI-4V Alloy. J Dent Res 1990;69:1230-5 https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345900690060101
  42. Anusavice KJ, Dehoff PH, Gray A, Lee RB. Delayed crack development in porcelain due to incompatibility stress. J Dent Res 1988;65:1086-91
  43. Probster L, Maiwald U, Weber H. Three-point bending strength of ceramics fused to cast titanium. Eur J Oral Sci 1996;104:313-9 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.1996.tb00083.x
  44. Saadet A, Semih B. Bond strength of three porcelains to two forms of titanium using two firing atmosphere. J Prosthet Dent 2000;84:567-74 https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2000.110267
  45. Yilmaz H, Dincer C. Comparison of the bone compatibility of titanium and an Ni-Cr alloy to dental porcelain. J Dent 1999;27:215-22 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-5712(98)00045-1
  46. Derand T, Hero H. Bond strength of porcelain on cast vs. wrought titanium. Scan J Dent 1992;100:184-8
  47. Pang IC, Gilbert JL, Chai J ,Lautenschlager EP. Bonding characteristics of low-fusing porcelain bonded to pure titanium and palladium-copper alloy. J Prosthet Dent 1995;73:17-25 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(05)80267-7
  48. Wight TA, Bauman JC, Pelleu GB. An Evaluation of four variables affecting the bond strength of porcelain to nonprecious alloy. J Prosthet Dent 1977;37:570-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(77)90172-X
  49. Guinn III JW, Griswold WH, Vermilyea SG.The effect of cooling rate on the apparent bond strength of porcelain-metal couples. J Prosthet Dent 1982;48:551-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(82)90361-4
  50. Schaffer SP. An approach to determining the bond strength of ceramo-metal systems. J Prosthet Dent 1982;48:282-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(82)90011-7
  51. Caputo AA, Dunn B, Resibick MH. A flexural method for evaluation of metal-ceramie bond strength. J Prosthet Dent 1977;56:1501-6
  52. Anusavice KJ, Dehoff PH, Fairhurst CW. Comparative Evaluation of ceramic-metal bond tests using finite element stress analysis. J Dent Res 1980;59:608-13 https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345800590030901
  53. Lenz J, Schwarz S, Schwickerath H, Spemer F, Schafer A. Bond strength of metaI-ceramic system in three-point flexure bond test. J Appl Biomater 1995;6:55-64 https://doi.org/10.1002/jab.770060108
  54. Barghi N, Lorenzana RE. Optimum thickness of opaque and body porcelain. J Prosthet Dent 1982;48:429-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(82)90080-4
  55. McLean JW. Dental ceramics. Chicago:Quintessence: 1983. p.13-49
  56. Kvam K, Derand T, Austrheim EK. Fracture toughness and flexural strength of dental ceramics for titanium. Biomater 1995;16:73-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-9612(95)91099-K
  57. Esquivel JF, Chai J, Wozniak WT. The physical properties of low-fusing porcelains for titanium. lnt J Prosthodont 1996;9:563-71
  58. Hsu CC, Lee YP, Hong CC. Effect of different ceramic firing cycles on cp titanium ceramic flexural bond strength under cyclic fatigue loading. 'IADR abstract 1088' J Dent Res 2001;80(special issue)
  59. Kimura H, Horng CJ, Okazaki M,Takahashi J. Effects of retention and bonding agent on bond strength of the titanium-porcelain system. J Osaka Uni Dent Sch 1991;31:23-32