청소년의 자기효능감에 영향을 미치는 관련변인

Significant Variables Influencing on Adolescents' Self-Efficacy

Since self-efficacy was suggested by Bandura(1977) as the most important factor that affects human behavior, preceding studies about self-efficacy are frequently related with children, and it is a main stream that only personal factors are chosen as related factors of these studies. Considering we don't have enough studies about family factors that reflect qualitative and relational factors of adolescents' home background, this study was aimed to seize the actual condition of self-efficacy meaning perceived and emotional faith about their own ability. These are our major concerns: 1. What kind of tendency does self-efficacy and appearance stress of adolescents, family functioning show? 2. How strong are relative influences of variables on self-efficacy of adolescents? This study was operated on July and August, 2002, aimed 378 middle school and high school students in Jeon-Nam, Mokpo area. 378 question sheets were used for analysis. Followings are results of this study. First, aimed students' average mark of self-efficacy was 2.09, which meant a normal level. And in low-ranked part, self-control-efficacy was the highest, and confidence task difficulty preference was following. Furthermore, whole self-efficacy showed a little difference from the demographic factor of adolescents. In low-ranked part, however, confidence and self-efficacy showed a somewhat difference. As students grew up, confidence decreased, and male students showed higher self-control-efficacy than female ones. Second, appearance stress and family functioning degree had a strong relation with self-efficacy. Family functioning, had important interrelation not only with whole self-efficacy but also with low-ranked part of self-efficacy. In low-ranked part, self-control-efficacy and task difficulty preference were proportional to the family functioning degree. From these results, we can find that the appearance stress was an actual factor that affected the self-efficacy of adolescents, and their self-efficacy was strongly related with family functioning degree. Accordingly, affirmative emotion in family, harmonic communication among family members and sharing housekeeping works had an immediate influence on elevation of self-efficacy.