A Study on Mineral and Alginic acid Contents by Different Parts of Sea Mustards(Undaria pinnatifida)

미역의 부위별 무기성분 및 알긴산 함량에 관한 연구

  • Lee, Yeon-Jung (Department of Food service management and Culinary, Gyeongju University)
  • Published : 2004.12.31

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the proximate composition, alginic acid and mineral contents and the types of calcium and magnesium in the parts(frond, stipe, sporophyll) of sea mustards. Carbohydrates and the crude fat was the highest in sporophyll. The contents of alginic acid were $25.9{\sim}32.2%$. Total alginic acid(32.2%) and insoluble alginic acid in water(27.7%) was e highest in sporophyll. Calcium and magnesium was the highest in frond. Phosphorous, potassium and sulfur was the highest in sporophyll. Iron, zinc and mangane was the highest in frond. Ca/P ratio in frond and stipe was about $1.7{\sim}1.8:1$ levels. Calcium and magnesium soluble in sodium chloride was the highest in sea mustards. Calcium and magnesium soluble in water was the highest in frond. Calcium and magnesium soluble in hydrochloric acid was the highest in sporophyll.

미역을 엽상부, 줄기, 포자엽의 3부위로 구분하여 부위별 일반성분, 알긴산 함량 및 무기질 함량(다량 무기질. 미량무기질)을 분석한 결과, 수분은 엽상부(10.5%)에. 탄수화물과 조지방은 포자엽(탄수화물 45.3%. 조지방 4.2%)에. 조회분은 줄기(39.0%)에 많은 것으로 나타났다. 알긴산 함량은 25.9-32.2%이었고 불용성 알긴산이 수용성 알긴산에 비해 악 $2{\sim}3$배 많았다. 부위별로는 총알긴산은 포자엽(32.2%)에, 수용성알긴산은 엽상부(10.1%)에, 불용성 알긴산은 포자엽(27.7%)에 가장 많았다. 다량 무기질중 칼슘과 마그네슘은 엽상부(Ca 883.6 mg, Mg 1269.8 mg/100g D.W)에, 인, 칼륨, 황은 포자엽(P 680.5 mg. K 4508.0 mg. S 1287.4 mg/100 g D.W.)에, 나트륨은 줄기(6507.2 mg/100 g D.W.)에 가장 많았다. 미량 무기질중 철분, 아연, 망간은 엽상부(Fe 10.45 mg, Zn ,1.53 mg, Mn 0.71 mg/100 g D.W.)에, 크롬은 포자엽(0.14 mg/100 g D.W.)에, 알루미늄은 줄기(16.91 mg/100 g D.W.)에 가장 많았다. 칼슘:인의 비율은 엽상부와 줄기가 $1.7{\sim}1.8:1$이었다. 칼슘과 마그네슘의 존재형태는 소금물 가용성 분획인 단백질 펙틴과 결합한 것($Ca 62.1{\sim}68.9%,\;Mg\;89.6{\sim}92.1%$)이 가장 많았고 물에 가용성인 분회(F-I)은 엽상부>줄기>포자엽의 순으로 많았으며, 칼슘섭취에 있어 가장 문제가 되는 수산과 결합한 염산 가용성 분획(F-IV)은 포자엽>줄기>엽상부의 순으로 많게 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Choi JH., Kim JI, Kim IS, Choi JS, Byun DS, Yoon TH. Dose effect of brown algae(Undaria pimultipida)on inhibitory action of obesity I. Effect on body weight, feed and gross efficiencies, and metabolic body size. Kor. J. Gerontol, 1(2): 168-172, 1991
  2. Kim SA, Lee KH, Park DK. Pigment Stabilization of Fresh Undaria pinnatifida when Treatment with Ashes. Bull. Kor. Fish Soc., 3(2): 120-128, 1970
  3. Choi JH, Kim IS, Kim JI, Yoon TH. Studies on antiaging action of brown algae(Undaria pm:tatipia) 1. Dose effect of alginic acid as a modulator of antiaging action in serum lipids. Kor. J. Gerontol, 1(2): 173-178,1991
  4. Ryu HS, Lee KH. Nitrogen conversion factors and in vitro protein digestibility of some seaweeds. Bull. Kor. Fish. Soc., 15(4): 263, 1982
  5. Nishino T, Yokoyama G, Dobashi K, Fujihara M, Nagumo T. Isolation, Purification and Characterization of Fucose-Containing Sulfated Polysaccharides from the Brown Seaweed Ecklonia Kurome and their Blood-Acticoagulant activities. Carbohydr. Res., 186: 119, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6215(89)84010-8
  6. Kim KH Kim CS. Studies on the manufacture of underia pinnatifida, laver and its physicochemical properties. Kor. J. Food Sci. Tech., 14: 336-341, 1982
  7. Sato S, Sato K. Physical properties and alginates of Wakame(Undaria Pinnatifida) Fronds. Kaseigaku Kenkyu, 28(7): 463, 1977
  8. Kim KH, Cheng DJ. Optimum conditions for extracting alginic acid from Undaria Pinnatifida and amino acid composition of its extraction residue. Kor. J. Food Sci. Technol., 16(3): 336, 1984
  9. Watanabe Y. Oral Presentation at the General Meeting of Nipoon Dietetical and Food technology Society, 1968
  10. Takagi K. Seaweeds as Medicine, Advances of Phycology in Japan. Castav Fisher, Jena., 321, 1975
  11. Skoryna SC, Waldron E, Paul TM. Proc. V Intem : eaweed Symp., Pergamon, London, 395, 1965
  12. Moti H, Nisizawa K. XISS Goteborg, Sweden, 1981
  13. Sosulski FW, Cadden AM. Composition and physiological properties of several sources of dietary fiber. J. Food Sci., 47: 1472-1477, 1982 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1982.tb04964.x
  14. McCarron DA, Morris CD. Blood pressure response to oral calcium in persons with mild to moderate hypertension. Ann. Inter; Med., 103: 825-831, 1985 https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-825
  15. Committee on Diet & Health, NRC. In Diet and Health. National Academy Press, Washington. D. C: 347-366, 1989
  16. Sekimoto K, Endo A, Katamine S. Comparison of extraction rates of minerals from Suboshi-,Haiboshi- and Enzo-Wakame(Undarm Pinnatiftda) during water immersion treatment. J. Jpn. soc. nutr. Food Sci., 39: 67, 1986 https://doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.39.67
  17. Nishide E, Anzai H, Uchida N. A comparative investigation on water-soluble and alkali-soluble alginates from various Japanese brown algae. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 53(7): 1215-1219, 1987 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.53.1215
  18. AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis(15th Ed). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington. D.C, 969: 33, 1994
  19. Nishide E, Kinoshita Y, Anzai H, Uchida N. Distribution of hot-water extractable material, water-soluble alginate and alkali-soluble alginate in different parts of Undaria Pinnatifida. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 54(9): 1619-1622(in Japanese), 1988 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.54.1619
  20. Rural Development Administration. Food component table. Sang-Rok Publisher, 1996
  21. Choi SN. Choi KJ. Fatty acid compositions of natural lipids and polar lipids in the parts of Miyeok(Undaria pinnatifida). Korean J. Food & Nutr. 13(6): 553-557, 2000
  22. Ito S, Miyoshi T, Hujii M, Imaki M. Changes in the Mineral Contents(Ca, P, I, Fe) of various parts of 'Wakame' (undaria pinnatifida) at different growth stages under various environmental conditions. Bull·Jpn. Nutr. Food., 40(4): 307-312, 1987 https://doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.40.307
  23. Ministry of Health and Welfare. National nutrition investigation report, 1995
  24. Wasnich RD. Bone mass measurements in diagnosis and measurement of therapy. Bull·Jpn. Nutr. Food., 91(S 5B): 54S-58S, 1991
  25. Lee JH, Moon SJ, Lim SK, Huh KB. Nutrient intake and bone mineral density in Korean premenopausal women. J. Korean Nutrition Society, 25(2): 140-149, 1992
  26. National Research Council. Food and Nutrition Board. Recommended Dietary Allowances. 10th edition., National Academy Press. Washington D.C : 174-194,1989
  27. Wester PO. Magnesium. Am. F. Clin. Nutr., 45: 1305-1312, 1987
  28. Garfinkel L, Garfinkel D. Magnesium regulation of the glycolytic pathway and the enzymes involved. Magnesium 4: 60-70, 1985
  29. Aikawa J.K, : Magnesium, Its Biologic Significance. CRC Press., Boca Raton, Fla.,: 1981
  30. NRC(National Research Council) Recommended Dietary Allowances 10th ed, National Academy of Science, Washington. D.C: 939, 1977
  31. Tobian L. The relationship of salt to hypprtension. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 32: 2739-2748, 1979
  32. Sanchez-Castillo CP, Branch WJ, James WP. A test of the validity of the lithium-marker technique for monitoring dietary sources of salt in men. Magnesium72:. 87-94, 1987
  33. Aviolei LV. Calcium and phosphorus. In Shils ME, Young VR, eds. Modem in Health and Disease 7th ed., Lea & Febiger: 142-158, 1988
  34. Linder MC Nutrition and metabolism of the major minerals. In Linder MC, ed. Nutritional biochemistry and metabolism with clinical application, Elsevier,New York: 191-214, 1991
  35. Ministry of Health and Welfare. National nutrition investigation report, 1994
  36. Hambidge KM, Casey CE., Krebs NE. In Trace Elements In Human and Animal Nutrition Fifth Edition Vol 2W Mertz ed, New York, Academic Press: 1-37, 1986