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Effect of Academic Examination Stress on Taste Perception and Nutrient Intake in University Students

대학생의 시험 스트레스가 미각과 영양소 섭취에 미치는 영향

  • 전예숙 (청운대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최미경 (청운대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2004.02.01

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to estimate effect of academic examination stress on taste perception and nutrient intakes in university students. Physical status, blood pressure, stress score using stress test of 2 types, recognition threshold and preference for taste, nutrient intakes using diet record method were measured before and after examination in 20 subjects. Mean age, height, weight, and BMI of the subjects were 23.39$\pm$1.20 years, 164.56$\pm$7.99 cm, 60.66$\pm$13.23 kg, 22.28$\pm$4.56 kg/$m^2$, respectively. Stress scores before examination of the subjects were significantly higher than those after examination. There were no significant differences in blood pressure, pulse rate, recognition threshold and just right concentration for sweetness and saltness, and food and nutrient intakes between pre- and post-examination. There were significantly positive correlation between stress score and diastolic blood pressure. And threshold concentration for saltness was positively correlated with threshold concentration for sweetness and animal protein intake. These results show no effect of examination stress on taste perception and nutrient intakes in university students. This may be due to low level of stress. Therefore, it is needed to study about effect of more higher level of stress on taste perception and nutrient intakes.

스트레스에 대한 대처능력은 평소의 식품섭취를 통해 축적된 영양상태와 적절한 영양관리를 바탕으로 하여 이루어진다. 이에 본 연구에서는 스트레스 대처 방안에 적합한 영양관리 자료를 제시하기 위하여 20명의 대학생을 대상으로 시험 전후 혈압, 미각 및 영양소 섭취의 변화를 살펴보았다. 연구대상자의 평균 연령, 신장, 체중 및 체질량지수는 각각 23.39$\pm$1.20세, 164.56$\pm$7.99 cm, 60.66$\pm$13.23 kg, 22.28$\pm$4.55 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$이었다. 자기기입식에 의한 2가지 유형의 스트레스 검사결과, 첫 번째 유형 검사에서 시험 전 신체, 행동의 스트레스 점수와 스트레스 총 점수가 시험 후보다 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.01)두 번째 유형 검사에서는 시험 전 심리, 신체의 스트레스 점수 및 스트레스 총 점수모두 시험 후보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.01).수축기, 이완기 혈압과 맥박수는 시험 전 118.97$\pm$11.87mmHg, 76.83$\pm$10.55 mmHg, 85.70$\pm$7.04/min이었으며, 시험 후에는 115.68$\pm$10.53 mmHg. 75.97$\pm$8.67 mmHg. 84.90$\pm$6.84회/min으로 시험 후 감소하였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다 단맛과 짠맛의 한계농도는 시험 전 각각 0.80$\pm$0.28%와 0.08$\pm$ 0.03%였으며, 시험 후에 는 각각 0.70$\pm$0.23%, 0.08$\pm$0.04%였다. 단맛과 짠맛의 적정농도는 시험 전 5.33$\pm$3.55%와 0.25$\pm$0.22%였으며, 시험 후에는 각각 4.63$\pm$3.61%, 0.29$\pm$0.15%로 시험 스트레스에 따른 유의한 차이가 없었다. 단맛과 짠맛의 기호도 점수는 단맛과 짠맛의 농도 승가에 따라 유의한 증가를 보였지만(p < 0.001, p < 0.001) 스트레스에 따른 유의한 차이는 없었다. 식품 섭취량과 에너지 섭취량은 시험 전에 1315.60$\pm$533.82 g/day와 2136.31$\pm$1612.29 ㎉/day이었으며, 시험 후에는 1236.22$\pm$244.06 g/day와 1696.85$\pm$453.28 ㎉/day로 시험 후 다소 감소하였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. B 유형의 스트레스 점수는 이완기 혈압과(p<0.05), 짠맛의 한계농도는 단맛의 한계농도, 동물성 단백질 섭취량과(p< 0.05, p< 0.05) 유의한 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합할 때 일부 대학생에 있어 시험 스트레스시 혈압 미각, 영양소 섭취량은 유의한 변화가 없었으며, 스트레스 점수는 이완기 혈압과, 미각은 일부 영양소 섭취량과 유의한 상관관계를 보임으로써 앞으로 다양한 종류와 높은 강도의 스트레스 상태에서 미각과 영양소 섭취의 변화를 살펴보는 연구가 필요하다고 생각한다.

Keywords

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