Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Ginseng Conservation Program in Russian Primorye:Genetic Structure of Wild and Cultivated Populations

  • Zhuravlev, Yu.N. (Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Koren, O.G. (Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Reunova, G.D. (Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Artyukova, E.V. (Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Kozyrenko, M.M. (Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Muzarok, T.I. (Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Kats, I.L. (Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences)
  • Published : 2004.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

“The Regional complex long-term program of restoration (reintroduction) of Primoryes ginseng population up to 2005” elaborated by Primorye governor administration, Regional Committee of Natural Resources and Russian Academy of Sciences operates in Russian Primorye. The Institute of Biology and Soil Science (IBSS) provides the scientific implementation of the program including the genetic analysis of extant ginseng populations, plant reproduction and off-spring identification. According to our investigations, the genetic resource of P. ginseng in Primorye is represented by three populations of wild-growing ginseng and a few pritate plantations. The results obtained by RAPD allowed concluding that the resource is dispersed among the wild and cultivated ginseng sub-populations in such a way that each of sub-populations studied has to be represented as a stock material to maintain species genetic variability. The allozyme analyses also showed that the small sub-populations of wild ginseng are characterized by unique genetic diversity and, therefore, they all need to be represented in reintroduction centers. Additionally the allozyme analysis discovered that the Blue Mountain and Khasan populations possess the most genetic diversity. So, at least one more reproductive ginseng unit has to be created besides two already existing reintroduction centers representing the Sikhote-Alin and the Blue Mountain populations.

Keywords

References

  1. Grushwitsky, I. V. : Ginseng: the aspects of biology. Nauka, Leningrad, 324 p. (In Russian) (1961).
  2. Zhuravlev. Y. N. and Kolyada, A. S. : Aralliaceae: Ginseng and others. Vladivostok, Dalnauka. 280 p.(In Russian) (1996).
  3. Zhuravlev, Yu. N., Muzarok, T. I., Pisetskaya, N. F., Korean. O. G., Artyukova, E. V., Kozyrenko, M. M. and Reunova, G. D. : Ginseng: natural populations, genetic resources. alloz-yme-DNA variations and conservation strategy. In: Ginseng in Europe. Proc. of the 1st European Ginseng Congress. Eds. Weber H.Chr., Zeuske D., Imhof S. Marburg: Philipps-Uni-versitat. 157-166(1998).
  4. Williams, J. G. K., Kubelik, A. R., Livak, K. J., Rafalski, J. A. and Tingey, S. V. : DNA polymorphism amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research. 18(22), 6531-6535 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.22.6531
  5. Reunova, G. D., Artyukova, E. V., Kozyrenko, M. M., Muzarok, T. I. andZhuravlev, Yu. N. : Application of the polymerase chain reaction with arbitrary primers for revealing genomic polymorphism of ginseng (P. ginseng C.A. Mey). Biotechnology. 3, 13-18 (1996).
  6. Zhuravlev, Yu. N., Reunova, G. D., Artyukova, E. V., Kozyrenko, M. M. and Muzarok, T. I. : Genetic diversity of Molecular Biology.(In Russian) 32(6) 1075-1079 (1998).
  7. Crawford, D. J. : Molecular markers for the study of genetic variation within and between populations of rare plants. Opera Bot. 132, 149-157 (1997)
  8. Yeh, F. C. and Boyle, T. J. B. : Population genetic analysis of co-dominant and dominant markers and quantitative traits. Belgian Journal of Botany. 129, 157 (1997)
  9. Miller, M. P. : Tools for population genetic analysis (TFPGA) 1.3: A Windows program for the analysis of allozyme and molecular population genetic data. Computer software distributed by author. (1997)
  10. Raymond, M . L. and Rousset, F. : An exact test for population differentiation. Evolution. 49, 1280-1283 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1017
  11. Lynch, M. and Milligan, B.G. : Analysis of population genetic structure with RAPD makers. Molecular Ecology. 3, 91-99 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy
  12. Nei, M. : Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals. Genetics. 89, 583-590 (1978).
  13. Wright, S. : The genetical structure of population. Ann. Eugen. 15, 323-354 (1951)
  14. Nei, M. : Genetic distance between populations. American Naturalist. 106(949) 283-292 (1972) https://doi.org/10.1086/282771
  15. Nei, M. and Li, W. H. : Mathematical Model for Studying Genetic Variation in Terms of Restriction Endonucleases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 76, 5269-5273(1979) https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.76.10.5269
  16. Rohlf, F.J. : NTSYS-pc. Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system. N.Y.: Exerter Publishing, LTD (1993)
  17. Altukhov. Yu. P. : Genetic processes in populations. Moscow: Nauka. 328 p. (In Russian) (1989)
  18. Karron, J. D. : Patterns of genetic variation and breeding systems in rare plant species. In: Genetics and Conservation of rare plants. Eds. Falk D.A., Holsinger K.E. N.Y., Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. 87-98 (1991)
  19. Bai, D., Brandle, J. and Reeleder, R.:Genetic diversity in North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) grown in Ontario detected by RAPD analysis. Genome. 40, 111-115 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1139/g97-015
  20. Zhuravlev, Yu. N., Koren, O. G., Kozyrenko, M. M., Reunova, G. D., Artyukova, E. V., Krylach, T. Yu. and Muzarok, T. I. : Use of molecular markers to design the reintroduction strategy for Panax ginseng. In: Biodiversity and allelopathy: from organisms to ecosystems in the Pacific. Eds. Chou C.H., Waller G.R., Reinhardt C. Taipei: Academia sinica. 183-192 (1999)

Cited by

  1. Diversity of microsatellite loci in the Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. (Araliaceae) population vol.441, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1134/S0012496611060184
  2. Genetic diversity and differentiation of cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) populations in North-east China revealed by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers vol.58, pp.6, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-010-9618-9
  3. Microsatellite Analysis of <i>Panax ginseng</i> Natural Populations in Russia vol.05, pp.04, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4236/cm.2014.54028
  4. vol.29, pp.9, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00866.x