Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

  • Volume 22
  • /
  • Pages.1-10
  • /
  • 2004
  • /
  • 1226-9999(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-7851(eISSN)
Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
권호 표지

Toxicity of Persistent Organic Pollutants, PAHs and TBT, in Zooplankton and Influence on Their Viability

동물플랑크톤에 대한 지속성 유기오염물질 PAHs와 TBT의 독성 및 생존능력에 미치는 영향

  • Jang, Poong-Guk (Southern Coastal Environment Research Division, South Sea Institute, KORDI) ;
  • Shin, Kyung-Soon (Southern Coastal Environment Research Division, South Sea Institute, KORDI) ;
  • Jang, Min-Chul (Southern Coastal Environment Research Division, South Sea Institute, KORDI) ;
  • Park, Dong-Won (Southern Coastal Environment Research Division, South Sea Institute, KORDI) ;
  • Jang, Man (Southern Coastal Environment Research Division, South Sea Institute, KORDI)
  • 장풍국 (한국해양연구원 남해연구소 남해특성연구본부) ;
  • 신경순 (한국해양연구원 남해연구소 남해특성연구본부) ;
  • 장민철 (한국해양연구원 남해연구소 남해특성연구본부) ;
  • 박동원 (한국해양연구원 남해연구소 남해특성연구본부) ;
  • 장만 (한국해양연구원 남해연구소 남해특성연구본부)
  • Published : 2004.03.01
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Abstract

We conducted three experiments to estimate the toxicity of POPs (persistent organic pollutants) on two copepod species (Acartia erythraea and A. omorii) and Artemia sp.; (1) 48 h-LC$_{50}$ of A. omorii with the five PAHs [polycyelic aromatic hydrocarbons anthracene, benzo〔a〕pyrene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, pyrene〕 which were often detected in the Gwangyang Bay, (2) toxicity of benzo〔a〕pyrene and TBT on Artemia in different temperatures (1$0^{\circ}C$, 15$^{\circ}C$, 2$0^{\circ}C$), (3) effects of benzo〔a〕pyrene and TBT on egg Production rate, hatching rate and fecal Pellet Production of two copepod species (A. erythraea and A. omorii) fed on Heterocapsa triquetra (dinoflagellate) exposed in benzo〔a〕pyrene. Toxic chemicals which were most effective to A. omorii were flueranthene (48 h-LC$_{50}$ 19.20 $\mu\textrm{g}$ L$^{-1}$ ) and benzo〔a〕pyrene (48 h-LC$_{50}$ 29.89 $\mu\textrm{g}$ L$^{-1}$ ). The toxi- city of chemicals to Artemia increased when temperature increased. The toxicity of TBT was about 100 times higher than that of benzo〔a〕pyrene at 15$^{\circ}C$. Food materials (Heterocapsa triquetra) exposed in benzo〔a〕pyrene, affected negatively the rate of egg production, hatching rate and the fecal pellet production of the copepods at the high concentration. It is suggested that an increase in the concentration of benzo〔a〕pyrene might offset the production of copepods in marine ecosystems. This study suggests that copepods may be used as n indicator for early warning of the risk of POPs in marine ecosystems.

인간이나 환경에 해로운 영향을 주는 지속성 유기오염물질의 독성을 평가하기 위해서 염분과 온도에 대해 내성이 강한 Acartia 종들과 Artemia을 대상으로 실험하였다. 지속성 유기오염물질인 PAHs와 TBT에 대한 요각류의 독성을 평가하기 위해 3가지의 실험을 실시하였다. 1) 광양만에서 주로 나타나는 5가지 PAHs(anthracene, benzo〔a〕pyrene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, pyrene)에 대한 A. omorii의 48h-LC$_{50}$ 을 구하였다. 2) Artemia를 이용하여 온도에 따른 benzo〔a〕pyrene과 TBT의 독성의 변화를 측정하였다. 3) PhMs중에서 독성이 강한 benzo〔a〕pyrene에 노출된 먹이를 섭취한 A. erythruea와 A. omorii의 난 생산, 부화율, 고형화된 배설물 양의 변화를 측정하였다. A. omorii에 대한 5가지 PAHs 중에서 fluoranthene (48 h-LC$_{50}$ 19.20 $\mu\textrm{g}$ L$_{-1}$)과 benzo〔a〕pyrene (48h-LC$_{50}$ 29.89$\mu\textrm{g}$ L$_{-1}$)의 독성이 강하게 나타났다. 온도실험에서는 동일한 유해물질을 가지고 실험을 하더라도 온도의 변화에 따라 급격한 독성의 차이가 나타날 수 있고, 유해물질 간에도 온도에 따라서 나타나는 독성에 대한 특성이 다르게 나타났다. 특히 15$^{\circ}C$에서는 TBT (9.982 $\mu\textrm{g}$ L$^{-1}$)의 독성이 benzo〔a〕pyrene (1,173 $\mu\textrm{g}$ L$^{-1}$)의 독성보다 약 100배 정도 더 독성이 강하게 나타났다. Benzo〔a〕pyrene에 노출된 먹이는 요각류의 난 생산, 부화율, 고형화된 배설물 양의 변화에 영향을 주었다. 특히 benzo〔a〕pyrene의 농도 증가는 요각류의 생산력 변동에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구는 요각류를 이용하여 해양생태계에 유입되는 지속성 유기오염물질에 대한 위험성을 알리는 지표생물로서 사용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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