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Changes in Microbial Counts, Enzyme Activity and Quality of Foxtail Millet Yakju Treated with High Hydrostatic Pressure During Storage

초고압 처리한 좁쌀약주의 저장 중 미생물수, 효소활성 및 품질변화

  • Published : 2004.03.01

Abstract

Foxtail Millet Yakju were treated with heat ($65^{\circ}C$/15 min) or high hydrostatic pressure ($25^{\circ}C$ (RT) and $65^{\circ}C$ (HT)/400 MPa/10 min), and stored for 64 days at l$0^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$ and 37$^{\circ}C$. Changes in microbial counts, enzyme activity and quality of Yakju during storage were measured. Total viable cells were about 10$^2$ CFU/mL, and remained almost constant during storage at l$0^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, while decreased significantly at 37$^{\circ}C$, and undetected after 55 days of storage in heat- and pressure(RT)-treated, but after 25 days in pressure(HT)-treated Yakju. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast in heat- and pressure-treated Yakju were not detected during storage. The relative activities of a -amylase in heat- and pressure(RT)-treated were more than 100%, while those in pressure(HT)-treated were less than 40% during storage of 64 days at l$0^{\circ}C$. However, at $25^{\circ}C$ and 37$^{\circ}C$ the relative activities in untreated and pressure(RT)-treated were decreased greatly and then reached at the point of the activities of heat- and pressure(HT)-treated. The relative activities of glucoamylase in untreated and pressure(RT)-treated were decreased as the increase of the storage temperature during storage, while those in heat- and pressure(HT)-treated increased slightly as the increase of storage period at 1$0^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, and had no change at 37$^{\circ}C$. pH in heat- and pressure-treated had almost no change. Turbidity and reducing sugar in heat- and pressure-treated increased as the increase of storage temperature during storage.

좁쌀약주를 열 또는 초고압으로 처리한 후 10∼37$^{\circ}C$에서 64일간 저장하면서 저장기간에 따른 미생물수, 효소활성 및 품질변화를 측정하였다. 열 또는 초고압 처리구의 일반세균 수는 1$0^{\circ}C$$25^{\circ}C$에서 약 $10^2$ CFU/mL로 저장기간 동안 큰 변화가 없었지만 37$^{\circ}C$ 저장에서 열 처리구와 상온 초고압처리구는 저장 55일, 고온 초고압처리구는 저장 25일 이후에 검출되지 않았다. 열 또는 초고압 처리구의 젖산균과 효모는 처리 직후 완전히 사멸된 후 모든 저장온도에서 저장기간 내내 검출되지 않았다. $\alpha$-Amylase의 상대활성은 1$0^{\circ}C$에서 저장하는 동안 무처리구와 상온 초고압처리구는 약 100% 이상으로 높은 값을 유지하였으나 열처리구와 고온 초고압처리구는 약 40% 이하로 낮은 값을 유지하였다. 반면 $25^{\circ}C$와 37$^{\circ}C$에서는 무처리구와 상온 초고압처리구의 상대활성이 급격하게 감소하여 열처리구 및 고온 초고압처리구와 비슷한 수준을 유지하였다. 무처리구와 상온 초고압처리구의 glucoamylase 활성은 1$0^{\circ}C$에서는 거의 변화가 없었지만, 저장 온도가 높을수록 감소폭이 더 컸다. 열처리구와 고온 초고압처리구는 1$0^{\circ}C$$25^{\circ}C$에서는 저장기간에 따라 활성이 다소 증가하는 양상을 보였으나 37$^{\circ}C$에서는 거의 변화가 없었다. 열처리구와 초고압처리구의 pH는 모든 저장온도에서 저장 기간 동안 변화가 거의 없었다. 열처리구와 초고압처리구의 탁도는 저장기간 동안 저장온도의 증가에 따라 증가하였으나. 무처리구의 탁도는 저장온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서 저장 34일 후부터 급격히 증가하였다. 열처리구와 초고압처리구의 환원당 함량은 저장기간 동안 저장온도의 증가에 따라 증가하였으나, 무처리구의 환원당 함량은 저장온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서 저장 34일 후부터 급격히 감소하였다.

Keywords

References

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