돈분의 퇴비화를 위한 Bacillus sp.의 분리 동정 및 그 액체 비료의 악취 제거 연구

Studies on the Isolation and Identification of Bacillus sp. for the Composting of Swine Manure and the Removal of Malodorous Gases from its Liquid Compost

  • 김규동 (중앙대학교 산업과학대학 생명공학과) ;
  • 김기연 (중앙대학교 산업과학대학 생명공학) ;
  • 함영태 (중앙대학교 산업과학대학 생명공학과)
  • 발행 : 2004.06.01

초록

돈분 고속발효에 적합한 미생물 제제를 개발하기 위하여 Bacillus속을 돈분에서 분리한 후,분리 균주의 생장능력, 효소활성 및 상호균주에 대한 항균활성을 비교 분석하였다. 분리된 4종을 동정한 결과, Bacillus cereus KD-2, B. pumilus KD-3, B. licheniformis KD-4로 분석되었고, 분리균주 KD-1은 그 어떤 Bacillus 종들과도 높은 일치성을 보이지 않았다. 생장최고온도는 Bacillus sp. KD-1이 $45^{\circ}C$, B. cereus KD-2가 $50^{\circ}C$, B. pumilus KD-3는 $53^{\circ}C$, B. licheniformis KD-4는 $55^{\circ}C$이었다. 이들 균주 모두를 혼합한 미생물 제제의 효소활성은 protease와 amylase는 37-$53^{\circ}C$ 범위에서 그 활성도에 차이를 보이지 않았고, lipase는 37-$42^{\circ}C$에서의 효소활성이 47-$53^{\circ}C$에 비해 2배 이상 높았다. 혼합 미생물 제제에 사용된 균주들의 상호 항균활성은 Bacillus sp. KD-1, B. cereus KD-2, B. pumilus KD-3는 타 균주의 생장에 영향을 주지 않았고, B. licheniformis KD-4의 배양 상층액을 10% (v/v)의 농도로 첨가시 다른 균주의 생장에 거의 영향을 주지 않았으나, 50% (v/v)로 혼합할 경우 다른 균주들의 생장을 억제하였다. 이 미생물 혼합 제제로 발효된 유기질비료의 성분은 유기물이 61.9%, 질소가 1.6%, C/N비가 22.4%, 인산이 0.21%, 칼리가 1.0%로 분석되었다. 발효 부산물인 액체비료의 암모니아 가스농도는 12.35 mg/1로 낮게 검출되었다.

Bacillus species were isolated from swine manure to develope the microbial additive suitable for the rapid com-posting. The 3 of 4 isolated strains were identified as Bacillus cereus KD-2, B. pumilus KD-3, and B. licheni-formis KD-4. Bacillus sp. KD-1 was, however, not highly identical with any Bacillus sp. The isolated strains were analyzed their growth rates, enzyme activities, and antibacterial activities. The maximum growth tem-peratures of KD-1, KD-2, KD-3 and KD-4 were $45^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$, $53^{\circ}C$, and $55^{\circ}C$, respectively. The activities of pro-tease or amylase in mixed culture of 4 strains were similar in the range of $37^{\circ}C$ to $53^{\circ}C$ and activities of lipase in the range of $37^{\circ}C$ to $42^{\circ}C$ were twice higher than those of lipase in the range of $47^{\circ}C$ to $53^{\circ}C$. The antibacterial activity of KD-l, KD-2, or KD-3 against each other was not detected. That of KD-4 against KD-1, KD-2, or KD-3 was, however, detected. The organic compound and C/N ratio of compost fermented by the mixed culture were determined as 61.9% and 22.4%, respectively. The concentration of the ammonia gas was 12.35 mg/l in the liquid compost.

키워드

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