Design of the Power System Frequency Measurement Module for the Relay using the Digital Phase Locked-Loop

디지털 위상 고정 루프를 이용한 계전기용 정밀 주파수 측정 장치

  • Published : 2004.07.01

Abstract

The relay measures the frequency of the power system in order to detect faults and separate them from the system. Many estimation algorithms for the relay have been proposed to accurately measure the frequency. This paper proposes a new frequency measurement method using the digital phase locked-loop(DPLL) for the relay of the power system. The proposed method is configured with a DPLL scheme and verified through computer simulations and experimental tests. In order to cope with noises in the power system, filters are included in the input signal processing part and the frequency comparator. MATLAB is used for computer simulations and an experimental setup with a CPU and an FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) is constructed. The loop filter of the DPLL is run in the CPU software In adjust parameters and others are in the FPGA. Experimental tests are performed lot a function generator and the power system. Results show that the proposed method is appropriate to the frequency measurement for the relay.

Keywords

References

  1. 송길영, 최신 송배전 공학, 동일출판사, 서울, 2001
  2. 송길영, 신편 전력 계통 공학, 동일출판사, 서울, 2001
  3. 배주천, 김입경, '우리나라의 전력계통운영현황과 광역고장 대책,' 전기의 세계, 대한전기학회, 제52권 제11호, pp.50-54, 2003년 11월
  4. Tadeusz Lobos, Jacek Rezmer, 'Real-Time Determination of Power System Frequency,' IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol.46, No.4, pp.871-881, Aug. 1997 https://doi.org/10.1109/19.650792
  5. Vikram Kaura, Vladimir Blasko, 'Operation of a Phase Locked Loop System Under Distorted Utility Conditions,' IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, Vol.33, No.1, pp.58-63, Jan./Feb. 1997 https://doi.org/10.1109/28.567077
  6. Sidhu, Sachdev, 'An Iterative Technique for Fast and Accurate Measurement of Power System Frequency,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol.13, No.1, pp.109-115, Jan. 1998 https://doi.org/10.1109/61.660863
  7. Miroslav M. Begovic, Petar M. Jhuric, Sean Dunlap, Arun G. Phadke, 'Frequency Tracking Power Networks in the Presence of Harmonics,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol.8, No.2, pp.480-486, Apr. 1993 https://doi.org/10.1109/61.216849
  8. Jun-Zhe Yang, Chih-Wen Liu, 'A Precise Calculation of Power System Frequency,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol.16, No.3, pp.361-366, Jul. 200l https://doi.org/10.1109/61.924811
  9. Wen Zhuo, Evangelia Micheli-Tzanakou, 'A High Performance Continuous Data Flow Filter using Sliding Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT) and One Point Inverse DFT, ' Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on ITAB, pp.51-56, May 1998 https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674672
  10. Dr. Tevfik Sezi, 'A New Method for Measuring Power System Frequency,' Proceedings of IEEE Transmission and Distribution Conference, Vol.1, pp. 400-405, Apr. 1998
  11. Jen-Shiun Chiang, Kuang-Yuan Chen, 'The Design of an All-digital Phase-Locked Loop with Small DCO Hardware and Fast Phase Lock,' IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems, Vol.46, No.7, pp.945-950, Jul. 1999 https://doi.org/10.1109/82.775392
  12. A. Koksal Hocaoglu, Michael J. Devancy, 'A New Quadratic Form Based Frequency Measurement Algorithm,' Proceedings of IEEE Technology Conference on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol. 2, pp.1065-1070, Jun. 1996 https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.1996.507328
  13. 홍준희, 전자기 과도현상 해석을 위한 시간영역에서의 등가 축약법, 서울대학교 박사학위논문, 1995년
  14. SIEMENS, Numerical Voltage, Frequency and Over' flux Protection, SIPROTEC 7RW600 V3.0 Instruction Manual, 2001
  15. GE, DFF. Digital Frequency Relay, 1996
  16. ABB, SPAF 140 and SPAF 340 Frequency Relays, 2000
  17. ALSTROM, MiCOM P921,P922 & P923 Voltage and Frequency Relays, 2001
  18. Michael J. Werter, 'A Digital Phase-Locked Loop for Frequency Detection,' Proceedings of IEEE the 38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Vol.2, pp.1252-1255, Aug. 1995 https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510323
  19. Roland E. Best, Phase-Locked Loops, 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1999
  20. Elliot D. Kaplan, Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications, Artech House, 1996
  21. Donald R. Stephens, Phase-Locked Loops For Wireless Communications Digital And Analog Implementations, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998
  22. Olli Vainio, Seppo J. Ovaska, 'Digital filtering for robust 50/60 Hz zero-crossing detectors,' IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol.45, No.2, pp.426-430, Apr. 1996 https://doi.org/10.1109/19.492760
  23. 이상정 외, U3 시스템설계, 연구개발보고서, 충남대학교, 2002년 9월
  24. Texas Instrument, TMS320VC33 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR SPRS087D, 2002