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Study on Antioxidant Potency of Green Tea by DPPH Method

DPPH 방법을 통한 녹차의 항산화 활성에 대한 연구

  • 오중학 (제주대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김은희 (제주대학교 식품영양학) ;
  • 김정례 (제주대학교 식품영양학) ;
  • 문영인 (제주도 북제주군 농협기술센) ;
  • 강영희 (한림대학교 생명과학부 식품영양전) ;
  • 강정숙 (제주대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2004.08.01

Abstract

The present study was conducted to compare antioxidant activity of green teas, fermented teas and other related common teas by examining radical scavenging activity using DPPH (2,2 diphenyl l-picryl hydrazyl). Scavenging activity ($SC_{50}$/) of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) for 0.1 mM DPPH radical was 5.5 $\mu$M or 4.2 mg/L by weight, then catechin, 14 $\mu$M or 2.5 mg/L and vitamin C, 22 $\mu$M or 3.9 mg/L, respectively. Kyokuro tea (okro) powder of 24.2 mg/L or green tea powder of 25.2 mg/L was used to reach $SC_{50}$/ for 0.1 mM DPPH. One serving of 2 g green tea provides antioxidant activity equivalent to 109∼147 mg EGCG, 145∼185 mg catechin or 131∼168 mg vitamin C. Teas from the first harvest had the highest radical scavenging activity when compared with later harvest green teas grown in the same region, but there is virtually no difference by the harvest time. A Chinese green tea, Dragon well had the highest antioxidant activity among other green teas tested providing antioxidant capacity equivalent to 168 mg EGCG or 188 mg vitamin C per 2 g serving, but partially fermented Chinese teas had much lower antioxidant activity than any green tea tested. Black tea which is fully fermented showed as strong antioxidant activity as green teas (76.3 mg vs 86.7∼67.6 mg per tea bag). One tea bag of green teas from market provided antioxidant capacity equivalent to 52∼86 mg EGCG, 70∼105 mg catechin or 63-96 mg vitamin C. Teas made of persimmon leaf, pine needle, mulberry leaf had comparatively low anti-oxidant activity equivalent to 2.5∼4.8 mg EGCG or 15∼21 mg vitamin C per teabag. The third brewed green tea still had enough antioxidant activity, while tea from tea bag brewed for 3 min or 5 min did not have any difference in their antioxidant activity. More systemic studies are needed to clarify the relationship between tea catechins and antioxidant capacity focusing on how growing, harvest time, fermentation and other processes can influence on this.

본 실험에서는 DPPH radical 소거능을 통하여 차잎의 수확시기 및 발효정도에 따른 항산화 활성에 있어서 변화를 비교하고 일상의 녹차 음용으로 섭취되는 항산화 물질을 EGCG 등의 함량으로 추정하고자 하였다. 우전과 같이 수확시기가 빠른 것이 다소 높은 항산화 활성을 보였고, 특히 볕가림 재배한 옥로가 일반 녹차에 비 해 적어도 비슷한 활성을 나타냈다. 중국의 반발효차에 있어서 발효정도에 따라 항산화 활성이 감소한데 비해 완전히 발효된 흥차의 경우 항산화 활성이 녹차의 수준으로 유지하였고, 이러한 홍차의 항산화 물질에 대해서는 보다 체계적 인 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. 분량 2그램의 녹차를3회 우려 마시는 경우 이로부터 섭취할 수 있는 항산화 물질은 EGCG 기준으로 109∼147 mg정도이고 비타민 C로는 142∼168 mg에 해당한다. 시판되고 있는 녹차티백은 제품에 따라 다소 차이를 보였으나 한 티백으로부터 52∼86 mg정도의 EGCG에 해당하는 항산화 활성을 보였는데 비타민 C로는 63∼96 mg에 해당한다. 증열과정이 긴 냉녹차나 차잎의 분량이 적은 현미 녹차가 낮은 항산화 활성을 보였고, 감잎차, 뽕잎차, 솔잎차에서도 적으나마 항산화 활성이 보인 반면 식 물의 뿌리 인 둥굴레 차는 항산화 활성 이 거의 없다. 전통적 인 방법으로 차를 3회 우려 마시는 경우 차잎 속에 포함된 항산화 물질의 절반정도가 용출되는 셈인데 가능한 분말차로 사용되는 것이 경제적일 수 있다. 세번째 우린 찻물에도 상당량의 항산화 물질이 함유된 반떤, 녹차 티백의 경우 3분이면 충분한 항산화 물질이 용출되는 것을 알 수 있다. 식품 속의 플라보노이드가 섭취되어 실제로 어느 정도 흡수되는가에 대해서 아직 이견이 있고 플라보노이드의 임상적인 효과에 대해 확실하지 않으나 역학적인 근거로는 긍정적이다. 천연의 항산화 물질을 자연스럽게 섭취하는 방법으로서 차의 음용을 생활화하는 것은 퇴행성 또는 노화관련 질환의 예방차원에서 바람직하리라 본다.

Keywords

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