Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (대한결핵및호흡기학회)
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Prevalence of NTM Pulmonary Infection in the Patients with Bronchiectasis

기관지확장증 환자에서 폐 비결핵성 마이코박테리아증의 유병률

  • Lee, Jung Yeon (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Song, Jae-Woo (Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Hong, Sang-Bum (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Oh, Yeon-Mok (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Lim, Chae-Man (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Lee, Sang Do (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Koh, Younsuck (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Woo Sung (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Dong Soon (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Won Dong (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Shim, Tae Sun (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center)
  • 이정연 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 송재우 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 진단방사선과) ;
  • 홍상범 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 오연목 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 임채만 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 이상도 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 고윤석 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 김우성 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 김동순 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 김원동 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 심태선 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 호흡기내과)
  • Received : 2004.08.05
  • Accepted : 2004.09.02
  • Published : 2004.10.30
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Abstract

Background : It has been well known that bronchiectasis (BE) is a predisposing condition for pulmonary NTM infection, whereas there are some suggestions that BE, especially nodular BE, may be a result of NTM pulmonary infection. This retrospective study was done to investigate the prevalence of NTM pulmonary infection in the patients with BE. Methods : Eight hundred sixty-six patients, who underwent chest CT and sputum AFB examination and had BE detected by chest CT at Asan Medical Center in 2002, were included in this study. They were divided into Group I (bilateral BE, especially in RML, lingular or both lower lobes; 134), Group II (BE accompanied with fibrocavitary lesions commonly found in tuberculosis, usually both upper lobes; 233) and Group III (except Group I, II; 499) according to the radiological findings. Group I was subdivided into Group I+ (62) or Group I- (72) according to the presence or absence of centrilobular nodules, respectively. The sputum AFB examination, clinical and radiological findings were analyzed and compared between groups. Results : The number of patients who had at least one positive NTM culture was significantly higher in Group I+ compared with others (p<0.05); 24.2% in Group I+, 6.9% in Group I-, 9.9% in Group II, 6.0% in Group III and 4.1% in control. The number of patients who had true NTM infection defined by ATS guideline was higher in Group I+ (5, 8.1%) compared with others (p<0.05). In all groups, M. avium-intracellulare comlex was the most common isolates. Conclusion : Even though true NTM pulmonary disease was more prevalent in the patients with nodular BE, especially located in RML, left linguar, or both lower lobes, only a small population of the patients with nodular BE met the ATS diagnostic criteria for NTM pulmonary disease. The other patients in nodular BE group may have subclinical stage of NTM infection or completely different diseases from NTM infection. Long-term clinical studies are needed to clarify this issue.

연구배경 : 기관지 확장증(BE)이 NTM 폐질환의 선행 요건임은 잘 알려져 왔으나 최근 결절이 동반된 BE의 경우 NTM 폐질환의 결과일 가능성이 제시되어 흉부 CT상 BE 소견이 있는 환자들을 대상으로 NTM폐질환의 유병률을 살펴보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2002년 1년간 서울아산병원에서 흉부 CT를 시행하여 BE소견이 있는 1244명 중 항산균검사를 1회 이상 시행한 866명을 대상으로 하였고(BE군), BE소견이 없고 객담항산균 검사를 1회 이상 시행한 292명을 대조군으로 하였다. BE군은 흉부 CT소견상 주로 우중엽, 설상엽 및 하엽에 양측성으로 분포하는 BE군(1군), 상엽의 공동 및 석회화 등 전통적으로 폐결핵 치료후의 병변으로 알려진 소견을 동반한 BE군(2군), 기타 BE군(3군)으로 구분하였고, 1군은 다발성 소결절 동반 유무에 따라 1-결절군 및 1-비결절군으로 구분하였다. 각 군에서 객담 항산균 도말, 배양, 및 동정결과와 임상상 및 방사선학적 소견을 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 1-결절군은 다른 모든 군과 비교하여 유의하게 NTM 동정률이 높았다(24.2%, p<0.05). ATS 기준에 따른 NTM 폐질환 예도 1-결절군(5/62, 8.1%)에서 대조군, 2군, 3군에 비하여 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 균주 별로는 MAC이 11예(55%), M. abscessus 5예(25%)로 가장 많았다. 결 론 : 주로 우중엽, 좌 설상엽 및 하엽의 양측성의 BE와 동반된 소결절들의 소견은 NTM 폐 감염의 가능성을 시사하는 소견이다. 그러나 이러한 소견을 가진 많은 환자에서는 NTM이 동정 되지 않아 이들이 임상 전단계 (subclinical stage)의 NTM증인지 아니면 별개의 다른 질환군 인지 확인되지 않았다. 추후 장기간의 추적관찰 및 조직검사를 통한 규명이 필요하리라 사료된다.

Keywords

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