Effect of inhibition on Browning and Microbial Growth of Minimally Processed Lettuce

최소가공 처리에 의한 양상추의 갈변 및 미생물 증식억제 효과

  • Published : 2004.09.01

Abstract

This study was carried out to improve quality of minimally processed lettuce with various treatments. The treatments for preventing enzymatic browning were using different chemical immersion solutions and controlling microbial growth were using chlorine, electrolyzed water, and organic acid. The solution with ascorbic acid 1$\%$ and citric acid 1 $\%$ showed a positive effect on antibrowning of minimally processed lettuce. In the inhibition of microorganisms growth, 200 ppm NaCIO solution was more effective than fermented pollen solution and Na-dichloroisocyanurate solution. In electrolyzed water system, no-diaphragm system showed inhibitory effect of microorganisms growth. Also, total microorganisms count of minimally processed lettuce with ascorbic acid and citric acid solution was lower by about 4 log cycle after 4 days storage at l0$^{\circ}C$.

갈변과 미생물 증식으로 인해 저하되는 양상추의 품질을 향상시키기 위해 양상추를 최소처리하여 이들 품질저하요인을 제어하고자 하였다. 갈변억제방법으로는 다양한 침지수에 따른 화학적인 방법을 사용하였고, 미생물 증식억제방법으로는 염소처리법과 전기분해수 그리고 유기산 처리에 의한 방법을 사용하였다. 그 결과 양상추의 갈변은 색도에 있어서 ascorbic acid 1$\%$와 citric acid 1$\%$ 혼합침지수로 처리하였을 때 초기 L 값이 5$\%$ 수준에서 유의적으로 가장 높았고,a 값은 5$\%$ 수준에서 유의적으로 가장 낮게 나타나 갈변억제효과를 보였다. 갈변의 지표라 할 수 있는 PPO 활성에 있어서도 ascorbic acid 1%와 citric acid 1% 혼합침지수로 처리하였을 때 양상추의 PPO 활성이 대조구에 비해 1.5배 감소되었다. 미생물증식은 염소처리의 경우 차염소산 나트륨을200 ppm 농도로 처리한 침지수가 3 log cycle 감소시켰고, 전기분해수의 경우 무격막 처리수가 미생물 증식을 2 log cycle 억제하여 미생물 증식억제에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다 또한 갈변억제에 효과적인 ascorbic acid와 citric acid 처리수로 침지하였을 때 저장 2일째 까지는 미생물 증식이 없었으나 저장 4일째 대조구는 7 log cycle 인데 비해 처리구는 3 log cycle 로 나타나 강력하게 미생물 증식을 억제하는 것임을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 연구결과로 볼 때 양상추의 갈변과 미생물 증식에 있어서 ascorbic acid와 citric acid로 최소 가공하는 것이 가장 바람직하다고 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Peter, R, Wim, V., Frank, D. and Joban, D. (2004) Consmner perception and choice of minimally processed vegetables and packaged fruits. Food Quality and Preference, 15, 259-270 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-3293(03)00066-1
  2. Gardial, S.F., Clemons, D.S., Woodruff, R.B., Schumann, D.W and Burns, M.J. (1994) Comparing consumer's recall of prepurchase and postpurchase product evaluation experiences. J. Consumer Research, 20, 548-560 https://doi.org/10.1086/209369
  3. Marshall, J.J., Duxbury, L. and Heslop, L.A.(1995) Coping with household stress in the 1990s : who uses convenience foods and do they help? Advances in Consumer Research, 22, 729-734
  4. Ahvenainen, R. (1996) New approaches in improving the shelf life of minimally processed fruit and vegetables. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 7, 179-186 https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-2244(96)10022-4
  5. Salunkhe, D.K., Bolin, H.R. and Reddy, N.R. (1991) Minimal processing. Storage, processing, and nutritional quality of fruit and vegetables ; Vol. 2 : processed fruit and vegetables. Boca Raton CRC Press, New York, p.128-153
  6. Shewfelt, R.L. (1990) Quality of fruit and vegetables. Food Technology. 44, 99-106
  7. Wiley, R.C. (1994) Minimally processed refrigerated fruits and vegetables, Chapman & Hall, Inc., New York, 1-14
  8. M$\'o$nica, I., Liliana, A., Erica, S., Edgar, U. and Valerio, B.(2003) Effect of immersion solutions on shelf-life of minimally processed lettuce. Lebensrn.-Wiss. u-Technol., 36, 591-599 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0023-6438(03)00065-3
  9. Fayad, N., Marchal, L., Billaud, C. and Nicolas, J. (1997) Comparison of $\beta$-cyclodextrin effect on polyphenol oxidation catalyzed by purified polyphenol oxidase from different sources. J. Agric. Food Chem., 45, 2442-2446 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9607932
  10. Son, S.M., Moon, K.D. and Lee, C.Y (2001) Inhibitory effects of various antibrowning agents on apple slices. Food Chemistry. 73, 23-30 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00274-0
  11. Ita, P.S. and Hutkins, S.W. (1991) Intracellular pH survival of Listeria monocytogenes Scott and effect in tryptic soy broth containing acetic acid, lactic, citric and hydrochloric acids. J. Food Prot., 54, 15-19
  12. Noriaki, T., Noriko, T., Tatsuya, F. and Toshiya, D. (2000) The use of electrolyzed solutions for the cleaning and disinfecting of dialyzers. Artificial Organs, 24, 921-928 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1594.2000.06611.x
  13. Castaner, M., Gil, M. I., Artes, F. and Tomas-Barberan, F. A. (1996) Inhibition of browning of harvested head lettuce. J. Food Science, 61, 314-316 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1996.tb14184.x
  14. Park, W.P., Cho, S.H. and Lee, D.S. (1998) Screening of Antibrowning Agents for Minimally Processed Vegetables. Korean. J. Food Sci. Tech., 30, 278-282
  15. Martinez, M.V. and Whitaker, J.R. (1995) The biochemistry and control of enzymatic browning. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 6, 195-200 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-2244(00)89054-8
  16. Kim, M.H., Jeong, J.W and Cho, Y.J. (2004) Cleaning and storage effect of electrolyzed water manufactured by various electrolytic diaphragm. Korean J. Food Preservation, 11, 160-169