Growth and Anaerobic Glycolysis in Barley Seeding in Response to Acute Hypoxia

단기 혐기조건에 대한 보리 유묘의 생육과 혐기대사 과정의 반응 특성

  • Choi Heh Ran (Division of Biological Resources Sciences and Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology) ;
  • Lim Jeong Hyun (Division of Biological Resources Sciences and Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim Jung Gon (National Honam Agricultural Research Institute, NICS) ;
  • Choi Kyeong-Gu (Division of Biological Resources Sciences and Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology) ;
  • Yun Song Joong (Division of Biological Resources Sciences and Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology)
  • 최혜란 (전북대학교 생물자원과학부) ;
  • 임정현 (전북대학교 생물자원과학부) ;
  • 김정곤 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 최경구 (전북대학교 생물자원과학부) ;
  • 윤성중 (전북대학교 생물자원과학부)
  • Published : 2004.12.01

Abstract

Barley growing in paddy fields often suffers from wet-injury due to oxygen deficiency in rhizospere caused by excessive water in the soil. This study was conducted to investigate responsiveness of growth, development and anaerobic glycolysis enzymes to acute hypoxia in barley seedlings. Barley seedlings at the third leaf stage were subjected to hypoxia (1 ppm dissolved oxygen) by sparging the culture solution with nitrogen gas for up to seven days. Length and fresh weights of the shoot and root were affected little by hypoxia for up to 5 days. But root dry weight was slightly decreased by hypoxia for 7 days. In the root, alcohol dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase activities increased drastically under hypoxia, reaching at their maximum levels in 3 to 5 days of hypoxia and decreasing slightly thereafter. However, the activities of both enzymes changed little in the shoot. Increases of their activities in the root were contributed by all the isozymes found in barley. These results suggest that barley seedlings first adapt to hypoxia by rapidly activating fermentative glycolysis to stabilize cellular pH and to increase energy production for the following morphological adaptative changes.

유묘기 보리 습해의 주요 원인은 과습에 의한 근권의 산소 부족이다 따라서 혐기조건에 대한 뿌리와 지상부의 생육 및 혐기적 해당발효 효소 활성의 양적 및 질적 반응을 양액재배를 이용하여 용존산소 1ppm 수준의 혐기조건을 1-7일간 처리한 3엽기 보리 유묘를 재료로 이용하여 분석하였다 보리생육 및 통기조직의 발달은 단기적 혐기조건에 의해 크게 영향을 받지 않았다. 반면 뿌리의 ADH와 LDH의 활성이 현저히 증가하였다. 효소활성 수준의 현저한 증가는 모든 동위효소의 발현 증가에 의해 나타났다. 그러나 지상부의 효소활성과 동위효소 발현 양상은 혐기처리에 의해 변화하지 않았다 이러한 결과는 혐기조건 초기에는 산소부족 조건에서 세포의 pH변화를 안정시키면서 혐기적 해당과정을 통한 에너지 획득 효율을 증가시키기 위할 반응이 우선적으로 급속히 진행되는 것으로 해석된다. 이상의 결과는 보리의 내습성 정도와 혐기적 해당과정의 능력과의 관계에 대한 보다 자세한 연구의 필요성을 제시하는 한편, 내습성 품종 육성효율을 증진시키는데 필요한 내습성 간편검정법 개발에 유용한 정보로 활용될 수 있으리라 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bradford, M 1976 A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein dye binding Anal Biochem 72' 248-254 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
  2. Bouny, J and P H Saglio 1996 Glycolytic flux and hexokinase activ-ities in anoxic maize root tips acchmated by hypoxic pretreatment Plant Physiol 111 . 187-194
  3. Buchanan, B. B , W. Gruissem, and R L. Jones 2000 Biochermistry and molecular biology of plants American Society of Plant Physiologists pp 1177-1189
  4. Everse, J and N O. Kaplan 1978 Lactate dehydrogenases structure and function. Adv Enzymol 37 61-611
  5. Hanson, A D., J V Jacobesen, and J A Zwar 1984 Regulated expression of three alcohol dehydrogenase genes in barley aleu-rone layers Plant Physiol 75 573-581 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.75.3.573
  6. Hoffman, N. E., A. F Bent, and A N. Hanson 1986 Induction of lac-tate dehydrogenase isozymes by oxygen deficit in barley root shoot Plant Physiol 82: 658-663 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.82.3.658
  7. Hole, D J, B G Cobb, P. S Hole, and M. C Drew. 1992 Enhance-ment of anaerobic respiration in root tips of Zea mays following low-oxygen (hypoxia) acclimation. Plant Physiol. 99 . 213-218 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.99.1.213
  8. Jackson, M. B., B Herman, and A Goodenogh 1982 An examina-tion of the Importance of ethanol in causmg injury to flooded plants Plant Cell Environ 5 . 163-172
  9. Kennedy, R A, M E Rumpho, and T C Fox 1992 Anaerobic metabolism in plants Plant Physiol 100 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.100.1.1
  10. Park, M. E, H R Choi,J S. Choi,J K Kim, S J Seo,H J Kang, J. G Kim,K G Choi, and S J Yun 2003 Characteristics of barley seedlings in hydroponic culture conditioned artificial wet injury. Kor J Crop Sci 48 160-168
  11. Ricard, B , T Vantoai, P Chourey, and P Saglio 1998 Evidence for the critical role of sucrose synthase for anoxic tolerance of maize roots using a double mutant Plant Physiol 116. 1323-1331 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.116.4.1323
  12. Roberts, J K M, F H Andrade, and I C Andenson 1985 Further evidence that cytoplasmic acidosis is a detenmnant of flooding intolerance in plants Plant Physiol. 77 492-494 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.77.2.492
  13. Sachs, M M, C C Subbaiah, and I N Saab 1996 Anaerobic gene expression and flooding tolerance in maize J Exp Bot 47 1-15 https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/47.1.1
  14. Sing, H P, B B Singh, and P C Rama 2001 Submergence tolerance of rainfed lowland rice search for physiological marker traits. J. Plant Physiol. 158 . 883-889 https://doi.org/10.1078/0176-1617-00036
  15. Suh H S 1971 Kor J Breedmg 3 . 98-106
  16. Suh H S 1977 Studies on the wet-injury of wheat and barley vanet-ies III Effect of vanous moisture levels on the top and root growth of barley crop. Kor J Crop Sci. 22 80-92
  17. Suh. H. S 1978. Studies on the wet-injury of wheat and barley vanet-ies IV Effect of Excess-moisture in the soil on the growth of wheat, six row and two row barley at various stage Kor J Crop Sci 23 26-31
  18. Suh H S. and R K Park 1979 Studies on the wet-injury of wheat and barley varieties. V Interrelationship among the characters of roots and those of tops in barley and wheat crop Kor J Crop Sci 24 66-72
  19. Tadege, M , I. Dupuis, and C Kuhlemeier 1999 Ethanolic fermenta-tion. new functions for an old pathway Tran. Plant Sci 4 320-325 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(99)01450-8
  20. Xia, J H and P H Saglio 1992 Lactate acid efflux as a mechanism of hypoxia acclimation of maize root tips to anoxia Plant Physiol 100 40-46 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.100.1.40