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Effect of Barrel Temperature and Screw Speed on Characteristics of Extruded Raw Ginseng

배럴온도와 스크루 회전속도에 따른 압출성형 수삼의 특성

  • Ha, Dae-Cherl (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Herbal Resource Research Center, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Won (KT&G Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Na-Mi (KT&G Research Institute) ;
  • Ryu, Gi-Hyung (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Herbal Resource Research Center, Kongju National University)
  • 하대철 (공주대학교 식품공학과, 한약재연구센터) ;
  • 이종원 (KT&G 중앙연구원) ;
  • 김나미 (KT&G 중앙연구원) ;
  • 류기형 (공주대학교 식품공학과, 한약재연구센터)
  • Published : 2005.06.01

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine effects of the die temperature(100 and $120^{\circ}C$) and screw speed(200 and 300 rpm) on the characteristics of extruded raw ginseng such as crude saponin, ginsenosides, maltol and the color of powder. Crude saponin content increased after extrusion-cooking. Ginsenoside $Rg_1\;and\;Rg_2$ that contained in red ginseng increased from 0.2275 mg/g to 0.2835 mg/g$(Rg_l)$ and 0.1164 mg/g to 0.2230 mg/g$(Rg_2)$ with the increase in die temperature from 100 to $120^{\circ}C$, which increased with the decrease in screw speed from 300 to 200 rpm. Maltol, specific component in red ginseng was detected in extruded ginseng. Total sugar content was not changed by extrusion process, however reducing sugar decreased with the increase in die temperature from 100 to $120^{\circ}C$. In conclusion extrusion process can be applied to red ginseng manufacturing by controling extrusion process variables such as extrusion temperature and screw speed.

본 실험은 수분함량 $15\%$로 건조한 수삼을 사출구온도($100^{\circ}C$$120^{\circ}C$), 스크루 회전속도(200과 300 rpm)에서 압출성형처리하여 조사포닌,진세노사이드, 말톨, 환원당, 색도와 같은 홍삼성분의 변화를 분석하였다. 압출성형공정을 통해 조사포닌 함량이 증가하는 것으로 보아사포닌의 압출성형공정동안 생성되는 것을 알 수가 있었다. 홍삼에 존재하는 진세노사이드 $Rg_l$$Rg_2$는 사출구온도를 $100^{\circ}C$에서 $120^{\circ}C$로 증가함에 따라 0.227 mg/g에서 0.2835 mg/g$(Rg_l)$, 0.1164 mg/g에서 0.2230 mg/g$(Rg_2)$증가하였고, 스크루 회전속도를 300rpm에서 200rpm으로 감소시켰을 때 진세노사이드 $Rg_1$$Rg_2$는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 수삼이나 백삼에는 함유되지 않고 홍삼에만 함유된 특이성분으로 알려진 말톨을 압출성형 수삼에서 확인할 수가 있었다. 사출구의 온도가 $100^{\circ}C$에서 $120^{\circ}C$로 증가함에 따라 총당의 함량은 크게 변화가 없었지만 환원당은 온도가 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로 사출구온도와 스크루 회전속도 이외의 압출성형 공정변수의 조절을 통해 압출성형공정을 홍삼제조 공정에 적용할 수 있는 가능성을 알 수가 있었다.

Keywords

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