Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Effects of Extrusion and Enzyme Treatment on Characteristics of Whole Grains

압출성형 및 효소처리가 전곡립의 특성에 미치는 효과

  • Shin, Hae-Hun (Division of Foodservice Industry, Baekseok College) ;
  • Park, Bo-Sun (Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lee, Sun-Hee (Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Sook (Department of Food and Baking, Yangsan College) ;
  • Hwang, Jae-Kwang (Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Biotechnology, Yonsei University)
  • 신해헌 (백석대학 외식산업학부) ;
  • 박보선 (연세대학교 생물소재공학과) ;
  • 이선희 (연세대학교 생물소재공학과) ;
  • 김영숙 (양산대학 호텔식품제과제빵과) ;
  • 황재관 (연세대학교 생물소재공학과, 생명공학과)
  • Published : 2005.02.28
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Abstract

Extrusion with enzyme treatment improved processing characteristics and physiological activity of whole grains, strongly suggesting industrial potential of whole grains for production of cereal-based functional foods containing activated nutraceuticals. Physicochemical properties of whole grains prepared by extrusion were characterized in terms of vitamin, mineral, and resistant starch contents, gelatinization, and digestibility in comparison with those of raw and roasted grains. Extrusion increased grain gelatinization, with degree of gelatinization in extruded barley being seven times higher than that of raw barley. Extrusion improved digestibility of whole grains in comparison with those of raw and roasted grains. Dispersibility of starch was improved through extrusion, while content of resistant starch decreased. Release of ${\beta}-sitosterol$ present in whole grains increased 13-fold when both extrusion and enzyme treatment were used.

전곡립(whole grains)의 압출성형 및 효소처리에 따른 가공학적 특성과 생리적 특성을 연구하였다. 압출공정 처리한 전곡립 시료의 이화학적 특성은 호화도, 소화도, 저향전분 등을 측정하였으며, 이를 압출공정 처리하지 않은 생원료 및 볶음시료와 비교하였다. 압출공정은 모든 곡류의 호화도를 크게 증가시켰으며, 특히 보리의 경우에는 압출공정에 의해 원료시료 보다 약 7배정도 증가하였다. 소화도 역시 압출공정에 의해 원료시료나 볶음시료에 두드러지게 증가하여 보리의 경우 2.6배까지 증가하였다. 또한 압출공정에 의해 저항전분의 감소 등이 뚜렷하게 관찰되었다. 전곡립을 압출공정과 식물세포벽 분해효소를 복합적으로 처리한 경우 처리하지 않은 원료와 비교하여 ${\beta}-sitosterol$이 최대 13배까지 증가하였다. 압출공정 후 효소처리는 생리활성 물질의 유리효과 뿐만 아니라 수용성 식이섬유 함량의 증가 소화율의 증가 등 각종 이화학적 특성도 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 압출공정과 효소처리를 복합적으로 적용하였을 때 전곡립의 가공학적 특성과 생리적 특성이 뚜렷하게 향상되는 것을 의미하는 것으로 산업적인 유용성이 매우 높다.

Keywords

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