Respiratory Characteristics and Quality of Fuji Apple Treated with Mild Hot Water at Critical Conditions

임계 열처리 조건에서 후지 사과의 호흡 및 품질 특성

  • Published : 2005.06.30

Abstract

Respiratory characteristics and quality of Fuji apple were investigated at critical conditions for dipping treatment in mild hot water ($40-65^^{\circ}C$) to extend freshness. Dipping treatment conditions under which no damages occurred in peel and flesh of apples stored at $0^{\circ}C$ for 1 month after treatment were: 180 min at $40^{\circ}C$, 60 min at $45^{\circ}C$, 45 min at $50^{\circ}C$, 3 min at $55^{\circ}C$, 1 min at $60^{\circ}C$, and 20 sec at $65^{\circ}C$. Internal carbon dioxide concentrations of apples drastically increased immediately after treatments at 40, 45, and $50^{\circ}C$, then decreased to normal level 1 day after treatment at $0^{\circ}C$. Although internal oxygen concentration of apples showed reversed trend to internal carbon dioxide, no significant differences were observed in concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen during storage after treatment of apples at 55, 60, and $65^{\circ}C$. Concentration of internal ethylene of apples treated at 40, 45, and $50^{\circ}C$ increased, similarly to that of carbon dioxide upon heat treatment, then, during storage, decreased to below levels of control and apples treated at 55, 60, and $65^{\circ}C$. Firmness of apples treated at 45 and $50^{\circ}C$ were 6.42 and 10.53% higher than that of control at $0^{\circ}C$ after 7 days after treatment.

중온 열처리에 의한 후지 사과의 품질 개선을 위하여 임계 열처리 조건을 설정하였고, 임계 조건에서의 호흡 및 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 후지 사과의 온도에 따른 임계시간은 $40^{\circ}C$에서 180분, $45^{\circ}C$에서 60분, $50^{\circ}C$에서 25분, $55^{\circ}C$에서 3분, $60^{\circ}C$에서 1분, $65^{\circ}C$에서 20초였다. 호흡 특성에 대한 연구로 열처리 시 사과 내부의 가스 조성변화를 조사한 결과, 탄산가스 농도는 40, 45 및 $50^{\circ}C$의 경우 처리에 따라 급격한 증가 경향을 보인 후 저장 중 다시 감소하였으며, 반면 55, 60 및 $65^{\circ}C$ 처리에서는 처리직후부터 7일 후 까지 큰 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 열처리 사과의 산소가스 농도는 탄산가스 농도와 반대 경향을 나타내었다. 에틸렌 농도는 40, 45 및 $50^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 사과의 경우 처리 직후 그 농도가 급격히 상승하였다가 처리1일 후부터 대조구보다 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 경도는 처리 7일째 $45^{\circ}C$$50^{\circ}C$에서 처리한 사과의 경우 대조구보다 각각 6.42%와 10.53%의 높은 값을 나타내었다.

Keywords

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