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Quality Characteristics of Jocheong Containing Various Level of Letinus edodes Extracts

표고버섯 추출액을 이용한 조청의 품질특성

  • Park, Jung-Suk (Dept. of Food and Cooking Science, Kwang-ju Womens University) ;
  • Na, Hwan-Sik (Food & Drug Analysis Division, Jeollanamdo Institute of Health and Environment)
  • 박정숙 (광주여자대학교 식품조리과학과) ;
  • 나환식 (전라남도보건환경연구원)
  • Published : 2005.08.01

Abstract

Jocheong was prepared by adding Lentinus edodes extract to improve its quality and to give some functional properties. Contents of crude protein, ash and crude lipid were similar to those of control, while carbohydrate content was decreased. Total mineral content were $1,916.03\~2,674.24mg/kg$ that was no difference between test samples. From HPLC determination of free sugars, Jocheong was found to contain maltose as the highest sugar, followed by glucose and fructose. In amino acid analysis, seventeen amino acid were identified and quantified. Glutamic acid in Jocheong was major amino acid. The major fatty acids in Jocheong $(0\%,\;control)$ were linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, myristic acid and caproic acid. There was no significant differences in fatty acid composition, pH and reducing sugar content among the Jocheong samples. The viscosity and solid contents tended to decrease with the addition of Lentinus edodes extract. Increasing the ratio of mushroom extract in Jocheong tended to decrease the lightness, yellowness and redness in Hunter's color value. Although sensory value decreased with increasing Lentinus edodes extracts, use of mushroom extracts (7: 3; saccharification liquids: Lentinus edodes extracts) is recommended for making Jocheong.

건강식품으로서의 각광을 받고 있는 표고버섯을 이용하여 적절한 가공방법을 모색하여 고부가가치를 갖는 식품으로 개발을 하고자 표고버섯 추출액을 첨가하여 조청을 제조하고 여러 가지 실험을 행한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 표고버섯 추출액을 당화액에 일정 비율로 첨가하여 졸이기를 한 조청의 일반성분은 조단백질, 회분과 조지방 함량은 거의 변화가 없었으며, 탄수화물 함량은 감소하였다. 무기성분의 경우 무첨가구가 2,642.34 mg/kg, 추출액을 7:3의 비율로 첨가한 첨가구가 1,916.03 mg/kg, 5:5첨가구는 2,674.24mg/kg, 3:7 첨가구가 2,558.35mg/kg으로 버섯 추출액 첨가량에 따른 변화는 관찰할 수 없었다. 시료별 유리당 함량은 maltose > glucose > fructose 순으로 분석되었으며 표고버섯 추출액의 첨가 수준이 높아질수록 유리당 함량은 증가하였고, 아미노산 분석 결과 총 17종의 아미노산이 검출되었는데, 가장 많이 함유된 아미노산은 glutamic acid이었으며, 그 외 성분은 함량이 조금씩 차이를 보였다. 조청의 지방산 조성은 무첨가구의 경우 linoleic acid가 $23.8\%$로 가장 높은 비율을 차지하였고, palmitic acid$(22.3\%)$, oleic acid$(19.0\%)$, myristic acid$(14.2\%)$와 caproic acid$(9.4\%)$ 순이었으며 버섯 추출액을 첨가한 시료의 경우 그 양상이 다양하게 분석되었으며, 포화지방산(SFA)과 불포화지방산(USFA)의 비율도 변화가 없었다. 조청의 pH를 측정한 결과 $5.5\~5.7$로 시료간 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 환원당의 경우 무첨가구가 $40.38\%$, 당화액과 추출액의 혼합비가 7:3인 시료는 $39.94\%$, 5:5 첨가구는 $39.16\%,\;3:7$첨가구의 경우 $44.70\%$로 나타나 무첨가구에 비해 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 단지 3:7 첨가구만이 다소 높은 결과를 보였다. 또한 점도와 고형분 함량은 무 첨가구가 각각 $132{\times}10^3$ cps와 $74.32\%$, 당화액과 추출액의 혼합비가 7:3인 첨가구가 $27.6{\times}10^3$cps와 $64.96\%$, 5:5 첨가구가 $25.6{\times}10^3$cps와 $60.90\%$, 3:7 첨가구가 각각 $21.9{\times}10^3$cps와 $55.19\%$로 첨가량이 증가하면서 두 항목 모두 크게 감소하는 결과를 보였다. 색도를 분석한 결과 L값, a값, b값 모두 표고버섯 분말 함량이 증가하면서 감소하였고, 모든 처리구에서 기존 무첨가구와 극히 현저한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 시료별 관능검사 결과에서 색 (color), 먹을때의 느낌 (chewiness)과 단맛(sweetness)의 경우 무첨가구와 모든 처리구가 유의적인 차이를 보였으며, 향미 (flavor)와 전반적인 기호도(overall acceptability)에서 당화액과 추출액의 혼합비가 7:3인 시료구만이 무첨가구와 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과로 보아 표고버섯 추출액을 당화액에 첨가하여 조청을 제조할 경우 적정 첨가 수준으로 당화액과 추출액의 비가 3:7의 범위를 넘지 않아야 버섯의 장점을 살리면서 기존 조청의 특성을 변화시키지 않는 제품을 제조할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

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