Selection and Antagonistic Mechanism of Bacillus thuringiensis BK4 against Fusarium Wilt Disease of Tomato

토마토시들음병의 생물학적 방제를 위한 토착길항세균 Bacillus thuringiensis BK4의 선발과 길항기작

  • Jung Hee-Kyoung (Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Natural Resources, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Kim Jin-Rack (Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Natural Resources, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Kim Bo-Kum (Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Natural Resources, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Yu Tae-Shik (Department of Microbiology, Keimyung University) ;
  • Kim Sang-Dal (Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Natural Resources, Yeungnam University)
  • 정희경 (영남대학교 자연자원대학 응용미생물학과) ;
  • 김진락 (영남대학교 자연자원대학 응용미생물학과) ;
  • 김보금 (영남대학교 자연자원대학 응용미생물학과) ;
  • 유대식 (계명대학교 자연과학대학 미생물학과) ;
  • 김상달 (영남대학교 자연자원대학 응용미생물학과)
  • Published : 2005.09.01

Abstract

In oder to select an antifungal substance-producing antagonistic bacterium against Fusarium oxysporum casuing fusarium wilt on tomato, strain BK4 was isolated from local soil of Gyeoungbuk and was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis by 16s rDNA analysis, biochemical test, and Mcirolog TM 3.0 System. The antibiotic of B. thuringiensis BK 4 was highly produced at $30^{\circ}C$ in nutrient broth (pH 9.0). The crude antibiotic was even stable at $121^{\circ}C$ and more stable at slight alkalic condition than acid condition. It was also remained $50{\%}$ activity at pH 3.0. B. thuringiensis BK4 showed the inhibition of spore germination and the biocontrol ability against F. oxysporum causing fusarium wilt of tomato in vivo test. According to these results, B. thuringiensis BK4 was enough to use with a microbial agent for biocontrol against fusarium wilt.

토마토시들음병의 원인균인 Fusarium oxysporum의 생물학적 방제를 위해 경북지역의 저병해경작지로부터 항진균성 항생물질 생산성 길항미생물인 BK4 균주를 선발하였으며, 길항균주 BK4의 16S rDNA 분석 및 생화학적 특성 조사 후 최종적으로 Biolog사 동정시스템인 $MicroLog^{TM}$ 3.0을 이용하여 선발 길항균주 BK4를 Bacillus thuringiensis BK4로 동정하였다. B. thuringiensis BK4는 pH 9.0로 적정한 Nutrient broth를 이용하여 $30^{\circ}C$에서 배양할 경우 항생물질의 생산은 최대였다. B. thuringiensis BK4가 생산하는 항생물질은 $121^{\circ}C$에서 열처리시에도 $80{\%}$ 잔존활성을 유지한 내열성 항생물질이었으며, pH $3.0{\~}12.0$의 범위에서 활성의 변화를 조사한 결과 산성보다는 알칼리성에서 다소 안정적이였으나 pH 3.0에서도 $50{\%}$ 이상의 잔존 활성을 가지고 있다. B. thuringiensis BK4는 F. oxysporun에 의한 토마토시들음병에 대하여 in vivo pot상에서도 충분한 방제력을 나타내었으므로 토마토시들음병을 위시한 Fusarium속 균주가 원인이 되는 질병을 방제할 수 있는 미생물제제의 개발이 가능하게 되었다.

Keywords

References

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