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Effects of Gamma Irradiation on the Content of Riboflavin in Egg Powder and Niacin in Chicken Breast

방사선 조사에 의한 계란분말의 리보플라빈 및 닭고기의 나이아신 함량변화

  • Kim, Shin-Hee (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Yook, Hong-Sun (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Byun, Myung-Woo (Radiation Application Research Division Advanced Radiation Technology Institute) ;
  • Chung, Young-Jin (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University)
  • 김신희 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 육홍선 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 변명우 (한국원자력연구소 방사선식품 생명공학기술연구팀) ;
  • 정영진 (충남대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2005.11.01

Abstract

Not enough data on nutritional change of foods by gamma irradiation are accumulated. It is known that amounts and digestibility of macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins and lipids are not significantly altered by irradiation treatment. However, among micronutrients, vitamins are known to be susceptible to irradiation. This study was conducted to investigate the change of contents of riboflavin in egg powder and niacin in chicken breast. By irradiation of 5 and 10 kGy, riboflavin contents of egg powder were respectively reduced to $80.18\%\;and\;84.80\%$ of non-irradiated sample, and niacin contents in chicken breast were reduced to $85.30\%\;and\;92.60\%$, respectively. These results suggest that the reduction rate by gamma irradiation seems to be lower in niacin content than in riboflavin, and the losses of riboflavin and niacin occur within the range of $20\%$ by irradiation of up to 10 kGy.

일부 식품내의 수용성 비타민의 안정 성 에 대한 방사선 조사 효과를 확인하기 위하여 수용성 비타민 중 리보플라빈이나 나이아신을 비교적 많이 함유하고 있는 계란과 닭가슴살을 조사대상 식품으로 택해 방사선 조사 후 이들의 비타민함량 변화를 조사하였다. 계란분말의 리보플라빈 함량은 비조사시료에 비해 5 kGy 조사시료는 $80.18\%$, 10 kGy 조사시료는 $84.80\%$로 함량이 감소하였다. 닭가슴살의 나이아신 함량도 두 조사시료 모두 비조사시료에 해 유의적으로 감소되었으며, 비조사시료에 비해 5 kGy 조사시료는 $85.30\%$, 10kGy 조사시료는 $92.60\%$로 감소됨으로서 방사선 조사에 의한 나이아신의 함량 변화는 리보플라빈에 비해 다소 미약하게 나타났다. 수용성 비타민 수용액의 변화 양상은 리보플라빈의 경우 5kGy조사부터 전량손실이 일어났으며, 가열처리구에서도 $85\%$ 이상의 높은 감소를 나타냈다. 나이아신은 무처리 대조구와 비교시 감마선 조사, 가열처리구, 마이크로웨이브 처리구에서 비교적 함량의 변화가 적었다. 이상의 결과로부터 10kGy 이내의 방사선 조사시 리보플라빈(계란분말)은 약 $20\%$, 나이아신(닭가슴살)은 약 $15\%$의 감소 비율을 보였고, 수용액 상태의 리보플라빈은 5 kGy 조사부터 전량 손실을 보여 식품중의 리보플라빈에 비해 높은 감수성을 보였다. 반면 나이아신 수용액은 모든 처리구에서 비교적 함량의 변화가 적어 리보플라빈에 비해 조사에 감수성이 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 방사선 조사에 의한 식품 내 비타민의 감수성은 식품의 구성성분, 조사시 온도나 조사 후의저장 온도 등과 같이 비타민의 조사 저항성에 영향을 주는 여러 요인에 따라 달라지므로 각 식품에 따른 처리조건을 확립하여 조사에 민감한 비타민의 보존율을 높이는 것이 중요하다 하겠다.

Keywords

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