Effect of $PGF_2a+PGF_2a+CIDR$ Program on Estrous Response in Holstein with Varying BCS in Early Postpartum

분만후 젖소에 있어서 $PGF_2a+PGF_2a+CIDR$ Program 적용에 의한 발정유기시 BCS의 영향

  • Baek K. S. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Park S. J. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Park S. B. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Kim H. S. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Lee H. J. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Lee W. S. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Jeon B. S. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Ahn B. S. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Kim J. G. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Jeong G. Y. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.) ;
  • Son J. K. (National Livestock Research Institute, R.D.A.)
  • 백광수 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과) ;
  • 박성재 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과) ;
  • 박수봉 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과) ;
  • 김현섭 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과) ;
  • 이현준 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과) ;
  • 이왕식 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과) ;
  • 전병순 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과) ;
  • 안병석 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과) ;
  • 김재기 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과) ;
  • 정경용 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과) ;
  • 손준규 (농촌진흥청 축산연구소 낙농과)
  • Published : 2005.12.01

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate resumption of ovarian cyclicity and effect of BCS on estrous response by treatment of $PGF_2a+PGF_2a+CIDR$ program on day 40 postpartum in lactating dairy cow. First $PGF_2a$ was given on day 40 postpartum, second $PGF_2a$ was given 14 days apart to cows not-responded to 1st $PGF_2a$ and then CIDR was inserted for 7 days after 5 days in cows not-responded to 2nd $PGF_2a$. The $42.9\%$ of the cows showed more than 1 ng/mL milk progesterone concentration within 10 to 30 days postpartum. About $19\%$ of the cows exhibited more than 1 ng/mL milk pro-gesterone concentration between 31 to 50 days postpartum. However $38.1\%$ of the cows have not shown more than 1 ng/mL milk progesterone up to 50 days postpartum. Estrous response to the treatment of 1 st $PGF_2a$ and 2nd $PGF_2a$ was $47.5\%$ and $52.4\%$, respectively. Combination of 1 st $PGF_2a$ and 2nd $PGF_2a$ was $75\%$ and combination of 1st $PGF_2a$+2nd $PGF_2a$+CIDR was $87.5\%$. Estrous response to the treatment of $PGF_2a+PGF_2a$ program was $61.5\%$ in cows with less than 2.50 BCS and $81.5\%$ in cows with 2.75${\~}$3.50 BCS. Estrous response to the treatment of CIDR was $40\%$ in cows with less than 2.50 BCS and $80\%$ in cows with 2.75${\~}$3.50 BCS. Estrous response to the treatment of PPC on day 40 postpartum was $76.9\%$ in cows with less than 2.50 BCS and $96.3\%$ in cows with 2.75${\~}$3.50 BCS.

본 연구는 젖소에 있어서 분만후 난소 활동의 재개 및 분만후 40일째 BCS가 $PGE_2a+PGE_2a+CIDR$ (PPC) program 적용에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 2002년부터 2003년까지 2년간에 걸쳐 축산연구소 및 천안 소재 전문 경영체 젖소농 장에서 사육중인 홀스타인 착유우를 대상으로 분만 후 난소 활동의 재개를 조사하기 위한 착유우21두 및 분만후 40일째 BCS가 PPC program 적용에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위한 착유우 40두를 공시하여 수행한 결과 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1 분만후 처음으로 유즙중의 progesterone농도가 1.0ng/mL 이상을 나타내는 비율은 10${\~}$30일이 $42.9\%$, 31${\~}$50일이 $19.1\%$였고 분만 후 50일까지 1.0ng/mL 이상을 나타내지 않은 경우가 $38.1\%$였다. 2. 분만후 40일째부터 PPC program을 투입한 결과 1차 및 2차 $PGF_2a$ 처리에 대한 발정반응은 각각 $47.5\%$$52.4\%$였고, $PGF_2a+PGF_2a$ (PP) program투입에 의해 40두중 30두($75\%$)가 발정 반응을 나타내었다. PP program 투입에 의해 발정 반응을 나타내지 않은 10두에 대한 CIDR 처리의 발정 반응은 $50\%$를 나타내었다. 분만후 40일째에 PPC program 을 적용한 결과 40두중 35두가 발정 반응 ($87.5\%$)을 나타내었다. 3. 1차 및 2차 $PGF_2a$ 처리에 따른 발정 반응은 BCS 2.50 이하의 경우 13두중 8두($61.5\%$), BCS 2.75${\~}$3.50의 경우 27두중 22두($81.5\%$)로 2.75${\~}$3.50의 경우가 2.50 이하의 경우에 비하여 높은 발정반응을 나타내었다. 4. 2차 $PGF_2a$ 처리후 발정 반응을 나타내지 않은 개체에 대하여 CIDR을 처리한 결과, BCS 2.50이하의 경우 5두중 2두에서 발정 반응($40.0\%$)을 나타내었고 BCS 2.75${\~}$3.50의 경우 5 두중 4두에서 발정 반응($80\%$)을 나타내었다. 5. 분만후 40일째부터 PPC program을 적용하여 발정 반응을 검토한 결과 BCS 2.50 이하의 경우 13두중 10두가 발정 반응($76.9\%$)을 나타내었고 BCS 2.75${\~}$3.5의 경우 27두중 26두가 발정 반응($96.3\%$)을 나타내어 2.75${\~}$3.5의 경우가 2.50 이하의 경우에 비하여 높은 발정반응을 나타내었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bar-Anna R and Soller RD. 1979. The effects of days open on milk yield and on breeding policy post partum. Anim. Prod., 29:109-119 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100012204
  2. Beam SW and Butler WR. 1997. Energy balance and ovarian follicle development prior to the first ovulation postpartum in dairy cows receiving three levels of dietary fat. Biol. Reprod., 56:133-142 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod56.1.133
  3. Beam SW and Butler WR. 1999. Effects of energy balance on follicular development and first ovulation in postpartum dairy cows. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl., 54:411-424
  4. Berardinelli JG and Adair R. 1989. Effect of prostaglandin $F_2{\alpha}$ dosage and stage of estrous cycle on the estrous response and corpus luteum function in beef heifers. Theriogenology, 32(2):301-314 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(89)90320-8
  5. Borsberry S and Dobson H. 1989. Periparturient disease and their effect on reproductive performance in five dairy herds. Vet. Rec., 124:217-219 https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.124.9.217
  6. Butler WR. 2001. Nutritional effects on resumption of ovarian cyclicity and conception rate in postpartum dairy cows. Sci. Occas. Publ., 26(1):133-145
  7. Butler WR and Smith RD. 1989. Interrelationships between energy balance, and post pactum reproductive function in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 72:767-783 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79169-4
  8. Corbet NJ, Miller RG, Bindon MB, Burrow HM, D'Occhio MJ, Entwistle KW, Fitzpatrick LA, Wilkins JF and Kinder JE. 1999. Synchronization of estrus and fertility in zebu beef heifers treated with three estrus synchronization protocols. Theriogenology, 51:647-659 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00003-5
  9. Dohoo IR and Martin SW. 1984. Subclinical ketosis : prevalence and association with production and disease. Can. J. Comp. Med., 48:1-5
  10. Edmonson AJ, Lean IJ, Weaver LD, Farver T and Webster G. 1989. A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 72:68-78 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79081-0
  11. Folman Y, Kaim M, Herz Z and Rosenberg M. 1990. Comparison of methods for the synchronization of estrous cycles in dairy cows. 2. Effects of progesterone and parity on conception. J. Dairy Sci., 73:2817-2825 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78969-2
  12. Hady PJ, Domecq JJ and Kaneene JB. 1994. Frequency and precision of body condition scoring in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 77:1543-1547 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77095-8
  13. King ME, Kiracofe GH, Stevenson JS and Schalles RR. 1982. Effect of stage of the estrous cycle on interval to estrus after $PGF_{2}\alpha$ in beef cattle. Theriogenology, 18(2): 191-200 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(82)90103-0
  14. Lamming GE and Bulman DC. 1976. The use of milk progesterone radioimmunoassay in the diagnosis and treatment of sub fertility in dairy cows. Br. Vet. J., 132:507-517 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1935(17)34588-8
  15. LeBlanc SJ, Leslie KE, Ceelen HJ, Kelton DF and Keefe GP. 1998. Measures of estrus detection and pregnancy in dairy cows after administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone within an estrus synchronization program based on prostaglandin $F_2a$. J. Dairy Sci., 81:375-381 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75587-0
  16. Lopez-Gatius F, Yaniz J and Madriles-Helm D. 2003. Effects of body condition score and score change on the reproductive performance of dairy cows: a meta-analysis. Theriogenology, 59:801-812 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(02)01156-1
  17. Lucy MC. 2000. Regulation of ovarian follicular growth by somatotropin and insulin-like growth factors in cattle. J. Diary Sci., 83:1635-1647 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)75032-6
  18. Lucy MC. 2001. Reproductive loss in high-producing dairy cattle: Where will it end? J. Dairy Sci., 84:1277-1293 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)70158-0
  19. Lucy MC, Staples CR, Michel FM and Thatcher WW. 1991. Energy balance and size and number of ovarian follicles detected by ultrasonography in early postpartum dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 74: 473-482 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78194-0
  20. Macmillan KL and Day AM. 1982. Prostaglandin $F_2{\alpha}$-a fertility drug in dairy cattle? Theriogenology, 18(3):245-253 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(82)90001-2
  21. Markusfeld O. 1987. Inactive ovaries in high-yielding dairy cows before service : Aetiology and effect on conception. Vet. Rec., 121:149-153 https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.121.7.149
  22. Moreira F, Risco C, Pires MFA, Ambrose JD, Drost M, DeLorenzo M and Thatcher WW. 2000. Effect of body condition on reproductive efficiency of lactating dairy cows receiving a timed insemination. Theriogenology, 53: 1305-1319 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(00)00274-0
  23. Morino S, Nakao T, Tsunoda N, Kawata K and Morimoto R. 1984. Use of direct enzyme immunoassay of milk progesterone for monitoring postpartum ovarian activity in dairy cows. Jpn. J. Anim. Reprod., 30:61-67 https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd1977.30.61
  24. Nisari-Naslaji A, Hosseini SM, Sarhaddi F, Bolourchi M and Birjandi MR. 2001. Steroid priming shortens prostaglandin-based estrus synchronization program from 14 to 7 days in cattle. Theriogenology, 56:735-743 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00603-3
  25. Opsomer G, Grohn YT, Herd J, Coryn M, Deluyker H and A. de Kruif. 2000. Risk factors for postpartum ovarian dysfunction in high producing dairy cows in belgium: a field study. Theriogenology, 53:841-857 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(00)00234-X
  26. Pankowski JW, Galton DM, Erb HN, Guard CL and Grohn YT. 1995. Use of prostaglandin $F_2{\alpha}$ as a postpartum reproductive management tool for lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 78: 1477-1488 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76770-4
  27. Prandi A, Messina M, Tondolo A and Motta M. 1999. Correlation between reproductive efficiency, as determined by new mathematical indexes, and the body condition score in dairy cows. Theriogenology, 52:1251-1265 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00202-2
  28. Robinson JJ, Ashworth CJ, Rooke JA, Mitchell LM and McEvoy TG. 2005. Nutrition and fertility in ruminant livestock. Animal Feed Science and Technology(DTD5), 1-16
  29. Roche JF, Mackey D and Diskin MD. 2000. Reproductive management of postpartum cows. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 60-61:703-712
  30. Rosenberg M, Kaim M, Herz Z and Folman Y. 1990. Comparison of methods for the synchronization of estrous cycles in dairy cows. 1. Effects on plasma progesterone and manifestation of estrus. J. Dairy Sci., 73:2807-2816 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78968-0
  31. Shrestha HK, Nakao T, Higaki T, Suzuki T and Akita M. 2004. Resumption of postpartum ovarian cyclicity in high-producing Holstein cows. Theriogenology, 61:637-649 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(03)00233-4
  32. Spicer LJ, Tucker WB and Adams GD. 1990. Insulin-like growth factor-1 in dairy cows relationships among energy balance, body condition, ovarian activity, and estrus behavior. J. Dairy Sci., 73: 929-937 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78749-8
  33. Staples CR, Thatcher WW and Clark JH. 1990. Relationships between ovarian activity and energy balance during the early postpartum period of high producing dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 73: 938-947 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78750-4
  34. Stevenson JS and Britt JH. 1979. Relationships among luteinizing hormone, estradiol, progesterone, glucocorticoids, milk yield, body weight and postpartum ovarian activity in Holstein cows. J. Anim, Sci., 48:570-577 https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1979.483570x
  35. Stevenson JS and Britt JH. 1980. Models for prediction of days to first ovulation based on changes in endocrine and nonendocrine traits during the first two weeks postpartum in Holstein cows. J. Anim. Sci., 50: 103-110 https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1980.501103x
  36. Stevenson JS, Lucy MC and Call EP. 1987. Failure of timed inseminations and associated luteal function in dairy cattle after two injections of prostaglandin $F_{2}$-alpha. Theriogenology, 28:937-946 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(87)90044-6
  37. Stevenson JS, Kobayashi Y, Shipka MP and Rauchholz KC. 1996. Altering conception of dairy cattle by gonadotropin-releasing hormone preceding luteolysis induced by prostaglandin $F_2{\alpha}$. J. Dairy Sci., 79:402-410 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76379-8
  38. Stevenson JS, Kobayashi Y and Thompson FN. 1999. Reproductive performance of dairy cows in various programmed breeding systems including ovsynch and combinations of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and prostaglandin $F_2{\alpha}$. J. Dairy Sci., 82:506-515 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75261-6
  39. Webb R, Gamsworthy PC, Gong JG, Robinson RS and Wathes DC. 1999. Consequencies for reproductive function of metabolic adaption to load. Anim. Sci. Occas. Publ., 24:99-112
  40. 농촌지도사업활용자료. 1998. '97 농업과학기술연구개발결과 농촌지도사업활용자료. 농촌진흥청. p. 447
  41. 백광수, Lee CN, 김태일, 이현준, 전병순, 우제석, 김현섭. 2002. $PGF_2{\alpha}$의 투여부위가 젖소의 발정동기화율 및 수태율에 미치는 영향. 한국가축번식학회지, 26(1):69-72
  42. 축산시험연구보고서. 2003. 고능력 젖소의 분만후 발정발현 양상에 관한 연구. 농촌진흥청 축산연구소. pp. 961-969
  43. 축산연구 50년사. 2002. 농촌진흥청 축산연구소. p. 183