수삼의 수확시기, 크기 및 저장조건에 따른 호흡특성

Effects of Picking Season, Size and Storage Conditions on Respiratory Characteristics of Korean Fresh Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer)

  • 발행 : 2005.12.01

초록

채굴시기, 등급, 온도 및 저장기간에 따른 수삼의 호흡특성을 조사하였다. 채굴시기별 수삼의 호흡률은 3월부터 서서히 증가하여 8월에는$0^{\circ}C$에서 7.88 mL$CO_2/kg{\cdot}hr$로 최고값을 보인 후 다시 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 수삼의 주채굴시기인 10월, 11월 및 익년 3월에 채굴한 수삼의 호흡계수는 $1.03\~l.07$ 범위로 채굴시기에 따라 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 개체 당 중량이 $20.1\~90.0\;g$ 범위인 수삼을 4 등급으로 나눠 호흡률을 비교하였던 바 중량이 클수록 호흡률이 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 10월과 11월에 채굴한 수삼의 온도에 따른 호흡률은$0^{\circ}C$에서 각각6.27, 4.94mL $CO_2/kg{\cdot}hr$이었고 $20^{\circ}C$에서는 $0^{\circ}C$에 비해 각각 약 $5\~6$배 정도 증가하였는데, 그 증가추세는 채굴시기에 따라 다소 차이가 있었다. 10월 및 11월에 채굴한 수삼의 경우$0^{\circ}C$에서 $10^{\circ}C$로 품온 상승 시 채굴시기에 따라 $Q_{10}$ 값은 차이를 보이지 않았으나 $10^{\circ}C$에서 $20^{\circ}C$로 상승 시 $Q_{10}$ 값은 각각 2.16, 1.77로 11월에 채굴한 수삼의 $Q_{10}$값이 10월 채굴한 것에 비하여 낮았다. 한편 저장 기간에 따른 호흡률을 조사한 결과 $0^{\circ}C$에서 90일 저장한 후에는 초기 값의 $50\%$ 미만을 나타내었다.

The respiratory characteristics of Korean fresh ginseng were investigated from the aspect of picking season, size, and storage temperature and period to get basic data for extension of shelf-life. The respiration rate of fresh ginseng picked in March was 4.09 mL $CO_2/kg{\cdot}hr$ at $0^{\circ}C$. It was gradually increased to August, 7.88 mL $CO_2/kg{\cdot}hr$ at $0^{\circ}C$, and then decreased continuously until November. Although the rate of fresh ginseng was different by picking season, the respiration quotient showed the same level, $1.03\~1.07$. Respiration rate by size was ranged from 3.47 to 5.69 mL $CO_2/kg{\cdot}hr$ at $0^{\circ}C$, and smaller in the size was higher in the rate. $Q_{10}$ value of fresh ginseng was $2.68\~2.88$ when the temperature increased from $0^{\circ}C\;to\;10^{\circ}C$ and $1.77\~2.16$ from $10^{\circ}C\;to\;20^{\circ}C$, and it was slightly different by picking season. At the beginning of storage the respiration rate was 7.0 mL $CO_2/kg{\cdot}hr$ and it was .decreased to 3.38 mL $CO_2/kg{\cdot}hr$ after storage for 90 days at $0^{\circ}C$.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 손현주 (1998) 수삼의 상품화 연구. 농림기술개발사업 최종보고서, 농림부
  2. Jean, B.S. (1994) Studies on physicochemical changes of fresh ginseng stored in controlled atmosphere and modified atmosphere. Chungnam National University, Ph.D. Dissertation, Daejeon, Korea
  3. Jang, J.G. (1991) Physicochemical properties of the freeze dried ginseng and red ginseng processed from the fresh ginsengs stored at low temperature. Gyeongsang National University, Ph.D. Dissertation, Jinju, Korea
  4. Lee, S.W. and Kim, K.S. (1979) Studies on CA storage of fresh ginseng. J. Korea Food Sci. Technol., 11, 131-137
  5. Kim, D.M., Hong, S.I., Jeong, J.W., Park, H.W. and Kim, K.H. (1997) Quality of fresh ginseng stored at MA conditions. In: Proceedings of the Seventh International Controlled Atmosphere Research Conference, Saltveit, M.E.(Editor), University of California, Davis, USA, 4, p.89-95
  6. Yun, S.D. and Lee, S.G. (1999) MA storage of Korean fresh ginseng. J. Korea. Soc. Hort. Sci., 40, 689-692
  7. Hong, S.I., Park, H.W. and Kim, D.M (2002) Respiratory characteristics and storage quality of Korean fresh ginseng as influenced by harvest time and plastic film packaging. Food Sci. Biotechnol., 11, 494-499
  8. 王玉良, 馬啓明, 李春生, 李振淑, 任寶昌, 蔡榮春 (1994) 中國人參. 吉林人蔘硏究所, p.256
  9. Sohn, H.J., Kim, E.H., Nho, K.B., Jung, K.S. and Kim, J.H. (2001) Influence of physical property of soft film and packaging method on the storage stability of individually packaged fresh ginseng. J. Ginseng Res., 25, 45-52
  10. Sohn, H.J., Kim, E.H. and Sung, H.S. (2001) Influence of cultivation condition and harvest time on the storage stability of fresh ginseng individually packaged in a soft film. J. Ginseng Res., 25, 94-100
  11. Jeon, B.S. and Lee, C.Y. (1999) Shelf-life extension of American fresh ginseng by controlled atmosphere storage and modified atmosphere packaging. J. Food Sci., 64, 328-331 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb15893.x
  12. Hong, S.I. and Kim, D.M. (2001) Influence of oxygen concentration and temperature on respiratory characteristics of fresh-cut green onion. J. Food Sci. Technol., 36, 283-290 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2001.00456.x
  13. John, T.A. (1998) Seasonal growth and root respiration of North American ginseng. J. Ginseng Res., 22, 161-167