Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Characteristic Community Dynamics of Phyto- and Zooplankton in a Shallow Eutrophoic Reservoir

얕은 부영양 저수지의 동${\cdot}$식물플랑크톤 군집변화 특성

  • Kim, Ho-Sub (Watershed Management Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Kong, Dong-Soo (Watershed Management Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Hwang, Soon-Jin (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
  • 김호섭 (국립환경연구원 수질총량과) ;
  • 공동수 (국립환경연구원 수질총량과) ;
  • 황순진 (건국대학교 환경과학과)
  • Published : 2005.03.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to understand seasonal dynamics of phyto- and zooplankton communities in a shallow eutrophic reservoir (Shingu reservoir) from November 2002 to February 2004. Cyanophyceae dominated throughout the year, except for spring (March ${\sim}$ May) when Bacillariophyceae (Melosira varians) and Chlorophyceae (Dictyosphaerium puchellum) were dominant. The change of dominant species in Cyanophytes occurred in June and December 2003, and the increase of phytoplankton cell density in July and November was observed when the P loading through two inflows was high. In May, Oscillatoria spp. and Aphanizomenon sp. were dominant, but replaced by Microcystis spp. in the end of May. Dominant Microcystis spp. sustained until December and shifted to Oscillatoria spp. and Aphanizomenon sp. TN/TP ratio ranged from 13 to 46 (Avg. $27{\pm}6$) from June to December when cyanobacteria (Microcystis spp.) dominated. Rotifers such as Keratella cochlearis, Keratella valga, Polyarthra spp., Conochilus unicornis, Pompholyx complanata dominated in average 67.8% of the zooplankton community. Abundance of zooplankton was the highest in June 2003, when Pompholyx complanata (12,388 ind $L^{-1}$) was dominant. In May, the significant increase of Conochilus unicornis biomass ($1,048{\pm}28\;{\mu}g\;C\;L^{-1}$) was observed with distinct improvement of transparency ($Z_{eu}/\;Z_m=\;1.1$). These results suggest that the seasonal variation of phytoplankton communities in this reservoir are to be understood as results of multi-interactive factors such as temperature, light condition and nutrients, and small-sized rotifers as important predator.

본 연구는 수심이 얕은 부영양 저수지에서 동${\cdot}$식물플랑크톤 천이양상을 이해하기 위해 2002년 11원부터 2004년 2월까지 수행하였다. 봄철 규조류와 녹조류가 우점한 시기를 제외하고는 연중 남조류가 우점하였다. 남조류 군집 내 종 조성의 변화는 6월과 12월에 나타났으며, 식물플랑크톤 밀도 증가는 유입부하량이 많았던 7월과11월에 관찰되었다. 남조류는 5월에 Oscillatoria spp.와 Aphanizomenon sp.의 우점 이후 Microcystis spp.가 우점하였으며, 12월 이후에는 Oscillatoria spp.와 Aphanizomenon sp.의 밀도가 증가하였다. 남조류 군집 중 Microcystis spp.가 우점한 6월부터 12월까지 수체 내 TN-TP비는 13 ${\sim}$ 46의 범위 (평균 $27{\pm}5$)였다. 동물플랑크톤 군집 중 Keratella cochlearis, Keratella valga, Polyarthra spp., Conochilus unicornis, Pompholyx complanata와 같은 윤충류의 점유율이 평균 67.8%로 높았다. 동물플랑크톤의 최대 밀도는 Pompholyx complanata (12,388 ind $L^{-1}$)가 우점한 6월에 관찰되었다. 최대 생물량은 Conochilus unicornis ($1,048{\pm}28\;{\mu}gC\;L^{-1}$)가 우점한 5월에 관찰되었고 투명도가 현저히 증가하였다($Z_{eu}/\;Z_m=\;1.1$).본 연구 결과는 수심이 얕은 부영양 저수지에서 식물플랑크톤 군집 변화가 수온, 광도 그리고 영양염 농도의 복합적인 영향으로 이해될 필요가 있고, 윤충류가 식물플랑크톤의 생물학적 조절자로서 중요한 역할을 수행할 수 있음을 제시한다.

Keywords

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