DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2-ZrO2 Nano-Sized Powders by Sol-Gel Process

  • Han, Jae-Kil (School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University) ;
  • Saito Fumio (Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University) ;
  • Park, Jong-Gu (Nano Materials Technology Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Byong-Taek (School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University)
  • Published : 2005.01.01

Abstract

[ $TiO_{2}-ZrO_{2}$ ] powders were successfully synthesized by the sol-gel process using titanium iso-propoxide as a precursor. The amorphous $TiO_{2}$ particles, 70 nm in size, homogenously adhered to the surface of $ZrO_{2}$ the powders. After calcination at $450^{circ}C$, most of the $TiO_{2}$ powders appeared as an anatase type, whereas they changed to a rutile phase at $750^{circ}C$. For comparison of photocata­lytic activity, $TiO_{2}-ZrO_{2}$ nano-sized powders calcined at $450^{circ}C,\;600^{circ}C,\;and\;750^{circ}C$ were used. In the $TiO_{2}-20wt\%$ $ZrO_{2}$ powders cal­cined at $450^{circ}C$, there was excellent removal efficiency of Methyl Orange (MO). For the calcination temperature increased, $TiO_{2}­ZrO_{2}$ nano-sized powders increased $ZrO_{2}$ contents showed the good photoactivity for the photooxidation of MO.

Keywords

References

  1. K. I. Ishibashi, A. Fujishima, T. Watanabe, and K. Hashimoto, 'Quantum Yields of Active Oxidative Species Formed on $TiO_2$ Photocatalyst,' J. Photochem. Photobiol., A134 [12] 139-42 (2000)
  2. J. C. Yu, J. Yu, L. Zhang, and W. Ho, 'Enhancing Effects of Water Content and Ultrasonic Irradiation on the Photocatalytic Activity of Nano-Sized $TiO_2$ Powders,' J. Photochem. Photobio., A148 263-71 (2002)
  3. M. Inagaki, Y. Nakazawa, M. Hirano, Y. Kobayashi, and M. Toyoda, 'Preparation of Stable Anatase-Type $TiO_2$ and Its Photocatalytic Performance,' Int. J. Inorg. Mater., 3 809-11 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00176-3
  4. S. Ruan, F. Wu, T. Zhang, W. Gao, B. Xu, and M. Zhao, 'Surface State Studies of $TiO_2$ Nanoparticles and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange in Aqueous $TiO_2$ Dispersions,' Mater. Chem. Phy., 69 7-9 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(00)00301-1
  5. J. Chen, D. F. Ollis, W. H. Rulkens, and H. Bruning, 'Photocatalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols and Organochlorides in the Presence of Native $TiO_2$ and Metallized $TiO_2$ Suspensions. Part (I): Photocatalytic Activity and pH Influence,' Wat. Res., 33 [3] 661-68 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00261-9
  6. V. Loddo, G. Marci, C. Martin, L. Palmisano, V. Rives, and A. Sclafani, 'Preparation and Characterisation of $TiO_2$ (Anatase) Supported on $TiO_2$, (Rutile) Catalysts Employed for 4-Nitrophenol Photodegradation in Aqueous Medium and Comparison with $TiO_2$, (Anatase) Supported on $Al_2O_3$,' Appl. Catal., B20 29-45 (1999)
  7. J. Lichtenberger and M. D. Amiridis, 'Catalytic Oxidation of Chlorinated Benzenes Over $V_2O_5/TiO_2$ Catalysts,' J. Catal., 223 [2] 296-308 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2004.01.032
  8. X. Z. Li, F. B. Li, C. L. Yang, and W. K. G, 'Photocatalytic Activity of $WO_xTiO_2$ under Visible Light Irradiation,' J. Photochem. Photobiol., A141 209-17 (2001)
  9. D. Das, H. K. Mishra, K. M. Parida, and A. K. Dalai, 'Preparation, Physico-Chemical Characterization and Catalytic Activity of Sulphated $ZrO_2TiO_2$ Mixed Oxides,' J. Mol. Catal., A189 271-82 (2002)
  10. M. Hirano, C. Nakahara, K. Ota, O. Tanaike, and M. Inagaki, 'Photoactivity and Phase Stability of $ZrO_2$-Doped Anatase-Type $TiO_2$ Directly Formed as Nanometer-Sized Particles by Hydrolysis under Hydrothermal Conditions,' J. Solid State Chem., 170 39-47 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00013-0
  11. L. Shi, C. Li, A. Chen, Y. Zhu, and D. Fang, 'Morphology and Structure of N anosized $TiO_2$ Particles Synthesized by Gas-Phase Reaction,' Mater. Chem. Phys., 66 51-7 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(00)00277-7
  12. M. Inagaki, Y. Nakazawa, M. Hirano, Y. Kobayashi, and M. Toyoda, 'Preparation of Stable Anatase-Type $TiO_2$ and Its Photocatalytic Performance,' Int. J. Inorg. Mater., 3 809-11 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00176-3
  13. D. Byun, Y. Jin, B. Kim, J. K. Lee, and D. Park, 'Photocatalytic $TiO_2$ Deposition by Chemical Vapor Deposition,' J. Haz. Mater., B73 199-206 (2000)
  14. J. C. Yu, H. Y. Tang, J. Yu, H. C. Chan, L. Zhang, Y. Xie, H. Wang, and S. P. Wong, 'Bactericidal and Photocatalytic Activities of $TiO_2$ Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel and Reverse Micelle Methods,' J. Photochem. Photobiol., A153 211-19 (2002)
  15. B. Li, X. Wang, M. Yan, and L. Li, 'Preparation and Characterization of Nano-$TiO_2$, Powder,' Mater. Chem. Phy., 78 184-88 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(02)00226-2
  16. T. Klimova, M. L. Rojas, P. Castillo, R. Cuevas, and J. Ramirez, 'Characterization of $Al_2O_3-ZrO_2$ Mixed Oxide Catalytic Supports Prepared by the Sol-Gel Method,' Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 20 293-306 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-1811(97)00024-3
  17. J. K. Han, F. Saito, and B. T. Lee, 'Microstructures of Porous $Al_2O_3-50$ wt%$ZrO_2$ Composites Using In-Situ Synthesized $Al_2O_3-ZrO_2$ Composite Powders,' Mater. Lett., 58 2181-85 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2004.01.023
  18. J. K. Han, S. M. Choi, I. H. Oh, F. Saito, and B. T. Lee, 'Photocatalysis for Oxidation of Phenol and Reduction of Inorganic Pollutants by Nanocrystalline $TiO_2-ZrO_2$ Powders,' Mat. Sci. Forum, 449-452 289-92 (2004) https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.449-452.289
  19. D. L. Pavia, G. M. Lampman, and G. S. Kriz, 'Introduction to Spectroscopy: A Guide for Students of Organic Chemistry,' pp. 205-13 Edited by Sanders Golden Sunburst Series (1996)
  20. J. Yang and J. M. F. Ferreira, 'On the Titania Phase Transition by Zirconia Additive in a Sol-Gel Derived Powder,' Mater. Res. Bull., 33 [3] 389-94 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-5408(97)00249-3