Hot Air Injection/Extraction Method for the Removal of Semi-Volatile Organic Contaminants from Soils

토양내 저휘발성 유류오염물 제거를 위한 고온공기 주입/추출기술 연구

  • Gu Chung-Wan (Department of Civil Engineering, Kyunghee University, Environmental Research Center) ;
  • Ko Seok-Oh (Department of Civil Engineering, Kyunghee University, Environmental Research Center)
  • 구청완 (경희대학교 토목공학과 환경연구센터) ;
  • 고석오 (경희대학교 토목공학과 환경연구센터)
  • Published : 2005.02.01

Abstract

Contamination of soils and groundwater by leakage of petroleum compounds from underground storage tanks (USTs) has become great environmental issues. Conventional methods such as soil vapor extraction (SVE) used for the remediation of unsaturated soils contaminated with volatile organic compounds might not be applied for the removal of semi-volatile organic compounds such as diesel fuels and PCBs, which have low volatility and high hydrophobicity. The objective of this study is to develop a hot air injection method to remove semi-volatile compounds. Additionally, operation parameters such as temperature, air flow rate, and water content are evaluated. Experimental results show that diesel ranged organics (DROs) are removed in the order of volatility of organic compounds. As expected, removal efficiency of organics is highly dependent on the temperature. It is considered that more than $90\%$ of organic contaminants whose carbon numbers range between 17 and 22 can be removed efficiently by the hot air injection-extraction method (modified SVE) over the $100^{\circ}C$. It is also found that increased air flow rate resulted in high removal rate of contaminants. However, air flow rate over 40 cc/min is not effective for the operation aspects, due to mass transfer limitation on the volatilization rate of the contaminants. The effect of the water content on the decane removal is minimal, but some components show large dependence on the removal efficiency with increasing water content.

급격한 경제성장의 결과로서 최근까지 각종 유류관련 시설의 누출로 인한 토양 오염에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 토양복원을 위하여 재래식 토양가스추출법(SVE)과 같은 공법이 사용되고 있으나 휘발성 유류성분의 제거에 적합하며 디젤, 방향족화합물 등과 같은 저휘발성 오염물의 제거에는 부적합한 결과를 보이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 디젤과 같이 저휘발성 유류성분을 제거하기 위한 효율적인 공기주입 및 SVE 공정 개발을 위해 디젤유의 개별성분들의 온도와 유량에 따른 제거효율, 수분함량에 따른 영향 평가를 실시하였다. 디젤범위의 오염성분(DROs)들은 온도의 증가에 따라 휘발성의 순서대로 제거되는 경향을 보이고 있다. 실험결과, $90\%$ 이상의 DROs 범위 내 오염물은 온도를 $100^{\circ}C$ 이상으로 유지할 경우 효과적으로 SVE 방법에 의하여 제거할 수 있다고 판단된다. 유량이 증가함에 따라 오염물이 토양 내 잔류하는 비율이 빠르게 감소하지만 유량이 40cc/min를 초과하면 감소 폭이 크지 않았으며 이는 큰 유량에 대하여 오염물이 휘발되는 속도에 있어서 물질전달상의 제한에 기인한다고 판단된다. 수분함량에 영향은 DROs성분 중 n-decane은 적은 것으로 나타났으나 다른 오염성분들은 수분이 존재함에 따라 제거효율이 좋아지는 결과를 나타내었다.

Keywords

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