Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Quality Characteristics of Canned Kimchi Prepared by Minimal Thermal Processing

최소열처리에 따른 캔 포장김치의 품질특성

  • Hong, Jeong-Jin (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Cheigh, Hong-Sik (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Sun (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungnam University)
  • 홍정진 (부산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최홍식 (부산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이동선 (경남대학교 식품생명학과)
  • Published : 2006.07.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the quality characteristics of canned kimchi prepared by minimal thermal processing. Korean cabbage kimchi was fermented at $20^{\circ}C$ for several days up to acidity $0.5{\pm}0.1%$, was packaged in cylindrical can of 115 mL and pasteurized at low temperature. Thermal processing times based on $F_{60}$ value at geometrical center of the can were determined as 23.1, 17.7 and 12.7 min at 65, 70 and $80^{\circ}C$, respectively. The quality changes of the processed kimchi were measured during storage at $20^{\circ}C$. The pH of pasteurized kimchi was higher than that of unpasteurized control. The number of lactic acid bacteria was reduced to about $10^{2}{\sim}10^{3}$ (CFU/mL). The pasteurized kimchi product showed better texture and color values compared to the control, while resulting in the lower carotenoid and ascorbic acid contents. Kimchi preparation by minimal thermal processing had a positive effect for reduction of sour taste and sour flavor in sensory quality, but gave adverse effect in acceptability because of off-taste and off-flavor.

장기보존성을 가지면서 취급과 휴대가 간편한 금속 캔을 이용한 포장김치의 열 침투 특성을 조사한 것을 기초로 최소열처리를 하였다. 이로 인한 포장김치의 이화학적 및 관능적 특성 등 전반적인 품질변화에 대하여 연구하였다. 캔 포장김치의 열 침투 특성 데이터를 이용하여 저온에서 $F_{60}$값이 18분에 해당되는 열처리 시간을 구한 결과 이론적으로 $65^{\circ}C$에서 는 23.1분, $70^{\circ}C$에서는 17.7분, $80^{\circ}C$에서 는 12.7분의 시간이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 이를 기초로 최소 열처리한 실험군들은 대조군에 비해 pH와 총산이 거의 유지되었고, 젖산균 수는 $107^{7}{\sim}108^{8}$에서 $10^2{\sim}10^3(CFU/mL)$으로 $10^{-3}{\sim}10{-4}$ 정도 감소시켜 산패를 지연시키는데 영향을 주었으나 이론적인 균수 감소에 완전히 도달하지는 못하였다. 조직감과 색도는 저장시간이 지남에 따라 대조군보다 좋은 것으로 나타났고 각 열처리 온도에 대해서는 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았다. Carotenoid와 ascorbic acid는 pH저하 등 발효로 인한 감소보다는 열처리에 따른 손실량이 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며, chlorophyll은 저장하는 동안 큰 변화 없이 모든 군에서 미량으로 존재하였고 각 군 간에도 유의적 차이는 보이지 않았다. 관능검사에서는 열처리한 실험군이 산패로 인한 신내와 신맛은 감소시킬 수 있었지만 열처리로 인한 이취, 이미가 강하였고 조직감에서는 대조군과 차이가 있었다. 따라서 열처리 공정으로 인한 품질변화의 보완 및 한정된 유통기한 동안에 최소가공(minimal processing)에 의한 포장김치의 상품화 가능성에 대해 후속 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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