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Characteristics of Tofu Added with Soybeans Cultured by Mycelia of Pleurotus eryngii

큰느타리버섯 균사체를 증식시킨 콩을 첨가제조한 두부의 품질특성

  • Lee, Ka-Soon (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Expt. Station, Chuncheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Hong-Kyu (Chungnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Oh, Man-Jin (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University)
  • 이가순 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 김홍규 (충남농업기술원) ;
  • 오만진 (충남대학교 식품공학과)
  • Published : 2006.08.30

Abstract

The effects of the addition of soybeans cultured by mycelia of Pleurotus eryngii (SMP) on the characteristics of tofu were studied. Protein and ash contents of SMP were higher than those of untreated soybeans: 43.23 and 6.34% for treated soybeans, respectively, and 40.42 and 5.90% for untreated soybeans. But lipid and carbohydrate contents of SMP were lower. For minor elements, Mg and Ca contents of SMP were higher and P was lower than control. Tofu could be manufactured when SMP was added below 25% to the untreated soybean. In scanning electron microscopic observation, tofu tended to break down as the ratio of SMP was over 25% to the untreated soybean. The addition of SMP $(5{\sim}15%)$ increased the yield of tofu to $1.5{\sim}3.5%$. In textural characteristics, hardness of tofu increased as the ratio of SMP increased up to 20%. Cohesiveness, chewiness, springiness and gumminess were high in tofu which was made with $5{\sim}15%$ SMP. Savory taste and overall acceptability of the tofu prepared with $5{\sim}15%$ SMP were higher than those of control when evaluated by sensory test.

큰느타리버섯 균사체를 증식시킨 콩을 첨가하여 버섯의 맛과 성분이 첨가된 기능성 두부를 제조하여 품질특성을 조사하였다. 버섯균사체가 증식된 콩의 성분 중 단백질 및 회분의 함량은 43.23 및 6.34%로 일반 콩의 40.42 및 5.90%에 비하여 높았고 지질과 총당의 함량은 낮았으며 무기질 중 Mg과 Ca의 함량은 높았고 P의 함량은 낮았다. 균사체를 증식시킨 콩을 일반 콩에 대하여 25% 첨가 시까지는 두부제조가 가능하였으나 30% 이상 첨가 시부터는 성형이 제대로 이루어지지 않았다. 균사체를 증식시킨 콩의 첨가비율에 따라 제조한 두부 조직내부의 초미세구조를 촬영한 결과 버섯균사체를 증식시킨 콩의 첨가량이 높은 두부에서는 다당체간의 응집반응으로 거대분자가 만들어져서 단백질의 응고조직 간에 공극이 커져있음을 볼 수 있었다. 또한 $5{\sim}10%$ 첨가 시 두부의 수율이 약 $1.5{\sim}3.7%$ 증가하였다. 두부의 물리적 특성은 균사체를 증식시킨 콩을 20% 첨가 시까지는 첨가량이 클수록 두부의 hardness가 증가하였고 cohesiveness, chewiness, springiness 및 gumminess 등은 $5{\sim}10%$ 첨가 시에 무첨가구보다 높은 경향이었다. 관능검사 결과 두부제조 시 버섯균사체를 증식시킨 콩의 첨가비율이 증가할수록 버섯향이 진하다는 결과를 보여주었으나 기호도면에서 $5{\sim}15%$ 첨가하였을 때 버섯 향 및 전체적인 맛에 대한 기호도가 무첨가구보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다.

Keywords

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