DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Failure Behavior of Piles Embedded in Liquefied Soil Deposits

액상화 지반에 근입된 말뚝의 파괴거동 분석

  • 조종석 (서울대학교 공학연구소) ;
  • 한진태 (서울대학교 지구환경시스템공학부) ;
  • 황재익 (서울대학교 공학연구소) ;
  • 박영호 (현대건설 기술연구소) ;
  • 김명모 (서울대학교 지구환경시스템공학부)
  • Published : 2006.11.30

Abstract

Liquefaction-induced lateral spreading has been the most extensive damage to pile foundations during earthquakes. Several cases of pile failures were reported despite the fact that a large margin of safety factor was employed in their design. In this study, 1-g shaking table tests were performed in order to analyze the failure behavior of piles embedded in liquefied soil deposits by buckling instability. As a result, it can be concluded that the pile subjected to excessive axial loads $(near\;P_{cr})$ can fail easily by buckling instability during liquefaction. When lateral spreading took place in sloping grounds, it was found that lateral loading due to lateral spreading increased lateral deflection of pile and reduced the buckling load. In addition, from the buckling shape of pile, difference between Euler's buckling and pile buckling vat observed. In the case of pile buckling, hinge formed at the middle point of the pile, not at the bottom. And in sloping grounds, location of hinge formation got lower compared with level ground because of the soil movements.

지진 시 액상화에 의한 지반흐름은 말뚝파괴에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 실제로 충분히 큰 정적 안전율을 갖도록 설계된 말뚝이 지진 시 좌굴에 의해 파괴되는 사례가 빈번히 발생하였다. 본 연구에서는 1-g 진동대 실험을 통해 액상화 지반에 근입된 말뚝의 좌굴에 의한 파괴거동을 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 좌굴하중에 근접한 연직하중을 받고 있는 말뚝은 지반의 액상화 발생 시 좌굴에 의해 쉽게 파괴될 수 있으며 액상화에 의한 지반흐름이 발생할 경우, 말뚝의 횡방향 변형이 증가하면서 좌굴파괴하중이 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 파괴된 말뚝을 꺼내어 관찰한 결과, 액상화가 발생한 후라도 지반에 구속압이 존재하여 Euler 좌굴현상과 다르게 말뚝 하부가 아닌 중간위치에서 말뚝파괴가 발생하였으며 지반경사가 급해질수록 지반흐름에 의한 파괴 위치가 점점 말뚝하부로 낮아짐을 볼 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdoun, T. and Dobry, R. (2002), 'Evaluation of pile foundation response to lateral spreading', Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, No.22, pp.1051-1058
  2. Bhattacharya, S. and Bolton, M. D. (2004), 'An alternative mechanism of pile failure in liquefiable deposits during earthquake', Geotechnique, Vol.54, No.3, pp.203-213 https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.54.3.203.36349
  3. Eurocode 8 (1998), Design provisions for earthquake resistance of structures. Part 5: Foundations, retaining structures and geotechnical aspects. Brussels: European Committee for Standardization
  4. JRA (1996), Specification for highway bridges. Part V: Seismic design. Japanese Road Association
  5. National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (2000), Commentary (Federal Emergency Management Agency, USA, 369) for seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures
  6. Yasuda, S. and Berrill, J. B. (2002), 'Liquefaction and piled foundations: some issues', Journal of Earthquake Engineering, Vol.6, Special Issue 1, pp.1-41