Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment for Acetaminophen in Kyongahn River

  • Kim, Pan-Gyi (Dept. of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yong-in University)
  • Published : 2006.10.31

Abstract

Acetaminophen (paracetamol), generally used as a pain reducing agent, has good analgesic efficacy in toothaches and headaches, but is of little use in inflammatory and visceral pain. This study was performed to analyze the level of acetaminophen in the Kyongahn river and to investigate the ecological risks of target compounds. Sampling sites were Haesil, Soopyo, Wangsan, Kyongahn, Jiwol, Kwangdong, Paldang and they were analyzed in June and August, 2005. Acute toxicity of acetaminophen wwas evaluated for Daphnia magna. From the ecotoxicological results, environmental risk assessments were performed for acetaminophen residues in Kyongahn river to predict their potential adverse effect. Acetaminophen was detected at Kyonahn river, $0.439{\mu}g/l$). The toxic concentration of acetaminophen calculated with 48-h $LC_{50}$ values as 16.9 mg/l. These results indicated that acetaminophen had no significant ecotoxicological impact on short-term acute exposure.

통증경감을 위하여 광범위하게 사용되는 acetoaminophen은 치통, 두통에 주로 사용되는 의약물질이다. 의약품의 환경오염과 관련하여 수자원에 유입되는 acetaminophen의 경안천 오염정도를 파악하고 생태 위해성을 평가하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 한강 수계이며 용인시와 광주시를 거쳐 팔당호로 흘러 들어가는 경안천(해실교, 수포교, 왕산교, 경안교, 지월교, 광동교, 팔당호)내 acetaminophen 잔류 농도와 분포를 조사하였다. 또한 Daphnia magna를 대상으로 48시간 급성독성평가를 실시하여 위해도를 평가하였다. 잔류의약품 검출을 위해 SPE 추출법을 선택 하였으며, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS)를 이용하여 분석하였다. 경안천 내에서 acetaminophen 0.439 mg/l이 검출되었다. 독성평가를 실시한 결과, 48시간 $LC_{50}$은 16.9 mg/l로 나타났다. 경안천의 acetamionophen 농도와 독성평가를 바탕으로 위해성 평가를 실시한 결과 위해성은 1 이하였다 하지만 국내에 의약품 발달과 함께 사용이 계속적으로 늘어나는 추세이고, 잔류의약품에 대한 대책이 마련되어있지 않은 이상 수환경은 의약품에 노출될 것이다. 그러므로 잔류의약품이 생태계에 악영향을 미치지 않도록 구체적인 방안이 강구되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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