DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effects of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide on the Extraction of Perilla Oil

초임계 이산화탄소가 들기름의 추출에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 2006.12.29

Abstract

This study was performed on the effects of extraction temperature, pressure, time on apparent solubility and extraction yield of perilla oil and tocopherol, and color and fatty acid composition of the residue in supercritical carbon dioxide $(SC-CO_2)$ extraction. Apparent solubility of perilla oil and tocopherol increased with the increase of $CO_2$ density and was found to strongly depend on extraction pressure rather than extraction temperature. The extract yield of tocopherol in $SC-CO_2$ extraction increased with an increase of temperature and decreased with an increase of pressure and extraction time. The perilla oil apparent solubility of dried perilla powder for $60\sim180$ min at $40^{\circ}C/276$ bar increased with an extraction time, on the other hands, tocopherol apparent solubility decreased. As the increase of $CO_2$ density, less redness and yellowness increased. Fatty acid composition of perilla oil showed that perilla oil extracted by $SC-CO_2$ had better unsaturated fatty acid and decreased in saturated fatty acid. $SC-CO_2$ extraction offers a safe natural method for gaining perilla oil from dried perilla seeds powder.

들깨분말을 초임 계 이산화탄소로 추출온도, 압력, 시간을 달리하여 추출한 들기름과 토코페롤의 추출수율, 색도 및 지방산 조성을 측정하였다. 초임계 이산화탄소에 대한 지방과 토코페롤의 추출수율은 이산화탄소의 밀도 증가에 따라 증가하였는데, 추출온도보다는 추출압력에 의하여 크게 좌우되었다. 초임계 이산화탄소의 추출온도에 대한 토코페롤의 추출수율은 동일 압력에서 추출온도의 증가에 따라 증가 하였다. 들깨분말을 $40^{\circ}C/276$ bar에서 $60\sim180\;min$ 추출시 간을 달리하였을 때 들기름의 추출수율은 추출시간이 증가함에 따라 급격히 증가한 반면 토코페롤은 감소하였다. 또한 이산화탄소의 밀도가 증가할수록 Red/Yellow값은 증가하였다. 초임계 이산화탄소 추출을 통해 얻은 들기름의 지방산 조성은 추출시간의 증가에 따라 불포화지방산들은 많이 추출되었고, 포화지방산들은 감소되었다. 이는 초임계유체 추출시 지방산의 불포화도가 높아질수록 용해도가 증가하기 때문으로 사료된다. 위 결과는 초임계이산화탄소를 이용하여 천연물로부터 식품이나 의약산업에 중요한 특정물질을 추출할 수 있는 가능성을 보여주고 있으며, 추출물에 잔존하는 유기용매가 없기 때문에 직접 식품가공에 이용할 수 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. Vaughan JG. 1970. The structure and utilization of oil seeds. Chapman and Hall Ltd., London. p 120-121
  2. Camelon E, Bland J, Marcuson R. 1980. Divergent effects of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on mammary tumor development in C3H/Heston mice treated with DMBA. Nutr Res 9: 383-388 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(89)80115-0
  3. Fritsche KL. 1989. Reduced growth and metastasis of A transplantable syngeneic mammary tumor by dietary alpha-linolenic acid. J Am Oil Chem Soc 65: 509-516
  4. Yamamoto N, Okuyama H. 1987. Effect of dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on brain lipid composition and learning ability of rats. J Lipid Res 28: 144-149
  5. Renaud S, Nordoy A. 1983. 'Small is beautiful': alpha-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in man. Lancet 321: 1169 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(83)92902-1
  6. Renaud S, Moragain R. 1981. Platelet functions in relation to diet and serum lipids in British farmers. Br Heart J 46: 562-570 https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.46.5.562
  7. Krukonis VJ, Perrut M. 1988. Supercritical fluid processing. Current research and operation. First International Symp. on Supercritical Fluids. International advanced society of supercritical fluid, Nice, France. p 541-546
  8. Lim SB, Rizvi SSH. 1994. Continuous cocurrent extraction of milk fat by supercritical carbon dioxide. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 23: 459-465
  9. Shishikura A, Fujimoto K, Kaneda T, Arai K, Saito S. 1986. Modification of butter oil by extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide. Agri Biol Chem 50: 1209-1213 https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.50.1209
  10. Favati F, King JW, Friedrich JP, Eskins K. 1988. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of carotene and lutein from leaf protein concentrates. J Food Sci 53: 1532-1536 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1988.tb09317.x
  11. Lim SB, Jwa MK. 1995. Extraction of $\beta$-carotene from carrot by supercritical carbon dioxide. Korean J Food Sci Technol 27: 414-419
  12. Kwon YA. 1997. Determination of solubility fatty acid methyl esters in supercritical carbon dioxide. Food Engin Prog 1: 226-232

Cited by

  1. 초임계 유체로 추출된 산삼 부정 배양근 오일의 효모균 처리에 의한 비사포닌계 지방산 함량 변화 및 Collagenase 및 Elastase 저해 활성 증대 vol.26, pp.2, 2006, https://doi.org/10.7783/kjmcs.2018.26.2.170