Food Science and Biotechnology

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Ginsenoside Rg3 from Red Ginseng Prevents Damage of Neuronal Cells through the Phosphorylation of the Cell Survival Protein Akt

  • Joo, Seong-Soo (Department of Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Won, Tae-Joon (Department of Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Yong-Jin (Department of Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Hwang, Kwang-Woo (Department of Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Seon-Gu (Department of Pathology, College of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University) ;
  • Yoo, Yeong-Min (Department of Pathology, College of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University) ;
  • Lee, Do-Ik (Department of Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University)
  • Published : 2006.04.30
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Abstract

Neuronal cell death significantly contributes to neuronal loss in neurological injury and disease. Typically, neuronal loss or destruction upon exposure to neurotoxins, oxidative stress, or DNA damage causes neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we attempted to determine whether ginsenoside Rg3 from red ginseng has a neuroprotective effect via an anti-apoptotic role induced by S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) at the molecular level. We also investigated the antioxidant effect of Rg3 using a metal-catalyzed reaction with $Cu^{2+}/H_2O_2$. Our results showed that Rg3 ($40-100\;{\mu}g/mL$) protected SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells under cytotoxic conditions and effectively protected DNA from fragmentation. In the signal pathway, caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were kept at an inactivated status when pretreated with Rg3 in all ranges. In particular, the important upstream p-Akt signal pathway was increased in a dose-dependent manner, which indicates that Rg3 may contribute to cell survival. We also found that oxidative stress can be mitigated by Rg3. Therefore, we have concluded that Rg3 plays a certain role in neurodegenerative pathogenesis via an anti apoptotic, antioxidative effect.

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References

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