Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Necessity of 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid scan in infants with low grade vesicoureteral feflux

경도의 방광요관역류가 있는 소아에서 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid 신 스캔의 필요성

  • Koh, Ji Yeon (Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University) ;
  • Koo, Ja Wook (Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University)
  • 고지연 (인제대학교 의과대학 상계백병원 소아과) ;
  • 구자욱 (인제대학교 의과대학 상계백병원 소아과)
  • Received : 2006.02.03
  • Accepted : 2006.04.04
  • Published : 2006.06.15
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Abstract

Objective : $^{99m}Tc$-dimercaptosuccinic acid(DMSA) scan is considered to be the most sensitive examination for detection of renal scars. However, because of its high radiation exposure to the kidney and its limited usefulness for patients with low grade vesicoureteral reflux(VUR), some authors have suggested that DMSA scans should be reserved primarily for children with VUR grade 3 and above. The aim of this study was to reevaluate the necessity of DMSA scans as a screening test in infants without reflux or with low grade reflux. Methods : In this retrospective study, 189 infants(mean age : 6.2 months) diagnosed as UTI were enrolled. Voiding cystourethrogram(VCUG), DMSA scan and renal ultrasonography were performed within 1 month of UTI. VUR grade was classified into three subgroups; low grade(grade 1-2), moderate grade(grade 3), and high grade(grade 4-5), respectively. Results : Renal defects were present in 67 of 189 infants, and 82 of the 378 renal units. The incidence of renal defects was significantly correlated with VUR grade(P<0.01); 28 percent without reflux, 38 percent with low grade, 53 percent with moderate grade, 100 percent with high grade, respectively. However, there was no significant differences in incidence of renal defects between the low grade and moderate grade group. Conclusion : In this study, renal defects were found in quite high percentages; 28 percent patients without reflux and 38 percent patients with low grade VUR, respectively. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the incidence of renal defects between the low grade and moderate grade groups. Therefore, DMSA scan should be performed for infants with UTI as a screening test regardless of the presence of VUR.

목 적 : DMSA 신 스캔은 신장에 대한 높은 방사능의 위험성과 낮은 grade의 역류시 불필요한 것으로 인식되어 최근 연구들에서는 낮은 방광요관역류가 있을 시에는 조기검사에 포함시키지 않는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 그러나 실제 임상에서는 낮은 grade의 역류 환아에서도 신피질결손이 보이는 경우가 있어 DMSA 신 스캔의 조기검사로서의 필요성에 대해 재조명하여 보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 1995년부터 2004년까지 상계백병원 소아과에서 요로 감염으로 진단된 환아들 중 신장초음파, DMSA 신 스캔, 배뇨성 방광 요도 조영술을 모두 시행한 189명의 환아를 대상으로 하였다. 검사들은 요로감염으로 진단된 지 적어도 1개월 이내에 시행하였다. 방광요관역류의 정도는 grade I-II는 경도(low grade), grade III은 중등도(moderate grade), grade IV-V는 중증(high grade)으로 각각 분류하였다. 결 과 : DMSA 신 스캔상 신피질결손은 총 189명 중 67명, 378 신단위 중 82 신단위에서 보였다. 신피질결손의 빈도는 역류가 없을 때 28%, 경도일 때 38%, 중등도일 때 53%, 중증일때 100%로 역류가 심할수록 신피질결손의 빈도도 높아지는 것으로 나타났다(P<0.01). 중등도일 때의 신피질결손의 빈도는 경도일 때의 신피질결손의 빈도와 의미있는 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 결 론 : 본 연구에서는 역류가 없을 때와 경도의 역류일 때의 신피질결손의 빈도가 28%, 38%로 많은 비율을 차지하고 있고, 중등도일 때의 신피질결손의 빈도는 경도일 때와 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 DMSA 신 스캔은 높은 방사선 조사율에도 불구하고 역류가 없거나 낮은 요로감염 환아에서도 조기검사로 시행해야 한다.

Keywords

References

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