Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain

Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine (대한안면통증구강내과학회)
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Evaluation of the Bite Forces in Patients with Unilateral Temporomandibular Disorders

편측성 측두하악장애 환자의 교합력 평가

  • Lee, Woo-Jung (Department of Oral Medicine, Dankook University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Kim, Mee-Eun (Department of Oral Medicine, Dankook University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Kim, Ki-Suk (Department of Oral Medicine, Dankook University School of Dentistry)
  • 이우정 (단국대학교 치과대학 구강내과학교실) ;
  • 김미은 (단국대학교 치과대학 구강내과학교실) ;
  • 김기석 (단국대학교 치과대학 구강내과학교실)
  • Published : 2006.12.30
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Abstract

Most patients suffering from TMD appear to have unsatisfactory masticatory function and compromised values of bite force. The purposes of this study were to investigate and compare bite force between affected and unaffected sides of patients with unilateral TMD and to evaluate its relation with duration of TMD. 42 patients with unilateral TMD, from Department of Oral Medicine, Dankook University Dental Hospital, were selected for this study. The ratio of men to women was 9:33 and their mean age of $27.2{\pm}10.4$ years. The bite forces were measured over both canines (for anterior bite force) and $1^{st}$ molars (for posterior bite force) using a bite force recorder while all the subjects were asked to clench successively for 3 seconds not until pain was felt. They were compared with those measured from bilateral TMD patients(N=6, M:F=1:5, mean age: $23.0{\pm}27.3$ years). The unilateral TMD patients were divided into time groups according to duration of TMD on the basis of 1 and 6 months, respectively. Paired and unpaired t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Unilateral TMD patients in this study showed that the affected sides had significantly lower bite force than the unaffected sides(force difference of about 7-8 kgf, p<0.05) while there was no significant sides difference in the bilateral patients. Nor did bite force on the affected sides reveal significant difference between unilateral and bilateral TMD patients. With regards to TMD duration, there was significant difference between the patients with TMD < 6 months and $\geq$ 6 months (p<0.05) while no significant difference existed between < 1 month and $\geq$ 1 month. The results of this study indicated that unilateral TMD patients can exhibit more reduced bite force on the affected sides compared with that on the unaffected sides and that bite force on the unaffected sides might be deteriorated more as longer did TMD last.

측두하악장애(Temporomandibular disorders, TMD) 환자들 대다수는 저작기능 장애와 교합력 감소를 보여주는데 본 연구는 편측성 TMD 환자에서 증상이 있는 측과 무증상측 사이의 교합력 차이를 비교하고 좌우측 교합력의 차이와 증상 지속기간과의 관련성 여부를 평가하고자 하였다. 단국대학교 치과대학병원 구강내과에 치료를 위해 내원한 편측성 TMD 환자 42명 (남:여=9:33, 평균 $27.2{\pm}10.4$세)을 대상으로 하여 교합력측정기를 이용하여 전치부와 구치부의 최대교합력을 측정하였다. 전치부 교합력은 좌우측 견치에서 측정하였고 구치부 교합력은 제1대구치에서 측정하였는데 환자는 통증을 유발하지 않는 범위에서 3초간 최대로 측정기를 깨물도록 하였다. 양측성 증상을 보이는 환자 6명(남:여=1:5, 평균 $23.0{\pm}7.3$세) 에 대해서도 같은 방법으로 평가하여 교합력을 비교하였다. 또한, 증상의 지속기간에 따라 1개월 미만과 1개월 이상, 6개월 미만과 6개월 이상의 군으로 나누어 증상측과 무증상측의 교합력을 비교하였다. 통계분석을 위하여 paired t-test와 unpaired t-test를 사용하였다. 연구결과, 편측성 TMD 환자들에서는 증상측의 교합력이 무증상측 보다 유의성 있게 낮았으나 (7-8 kgf 차이, p<0.05) 양측성 환자들에서는 좌우 차이가 없었다. 편측성 환자들의 증상측과 양측성 환자들과의 비교에서는 유의한 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 증상의 지속기간에 따른 증상측과 무증상측 교합력 차이를 비교했을 때, 1개월을 기준으로 나누었을 때는 두 군 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으나 6개월을 기준으로 나누었을 때는 두 군 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 관찰되었다(p<0.05). 본 연구의 결과는 편측성 TMD 환자에서는 증상측이 무증상측보다 교합력이 저하되어 있으며, 증상이 오래 지속될수록 증상측과 무증상측의 교합력 차이가 감소한다는 것, 즉 무증상측의 교합력이 더욱 저하될 수 있다는 것을 보여준다.

Keywords

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