DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Quality Enhancement of Vaccum Packaged Waxy Corns by Far Infrared Ray Drying

원적외선 건조처리에 의한 진공포장 찰옥수수의 품질확보

  • Choi, Jae-Ho (Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Im, Ji-Soon (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Konyang University) ;
  • Oh, Deog-Hwan (Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
  • 최재호 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부) ;
  • 임지순 (건양대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 오덕환 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부)
  • Published : 2006.06.01

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of far infrared ray drying on the microbial and quality changes of vacuum packaged waxy corns, such as microbial growth, rehydration, color differences, weight loss and hardness during the storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ for 7 months. After far infrared ray drying for 6 hours at $60^{\circ}C$, 2.32 log CFU/g of total microbial counts in raw waxy corns was enumerated, but no microorganism was detected in steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns. However, no microorganism was observed in all treatments except for control samples until 3 month storage at $4^{\circ}C$, whereas steamed and sugar-treated waxy corns showed 2 and 2.7 log reduction compared to that of control after 3 month storage. Yeasts and molds were more resistant than bacteria against far infrared ray drying at the same conditions. Similar results were observed in $25^{\circ}C$ storage. The degree of gelatinization in raw waxy corns far infrared ray drying changed from 98% to 96.2% after 7 month storage at $4^{\circ}C$, whereas steamed waxy corns with far infrared ray drying changed from 81.14% to 58.73%. Water contents in sugar-treated waxy corns with far infrared ray drying gradually reduced compared to steamed waxy corns as drying time increased. The L values in raw waxy corns far infrared ray drying increased as drying time increased, but L values in steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns significantly reduced after 12 hour far infrared ray drying. Hardness in raw waxy corns was higher than in steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns before storage, but similar hardness was observed between raw- and sugar-treated waxy corns after 9 hour drying. This results showed that the microbial reduction, the enhancement of shelf life and quality establishment of steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns could be maximized by using far infrared ray drying.

각 처리구별 찰옥수수를 원적외선 건조기를 사용하여 건조한 후 진공포장하여 저장하는 동안 찰옥수수의 미생물변화, 호화도, 수분함량, 색도 및 물성 변화 등 건조 찰옥수수의 품질변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 총균수는 6시간 원적외선 건조 시 생옥수수인 대조구의 경우 2.32 log CFU/g을 나타내었으나 모든 처리구에서는 검출되지 않았다. 그러나 $4^{\circ}C$에서 저장시 저장 3개월까지는 대조구를 제외한 모든 처리구에서 총균수가 검출되지 않았으나 7개월 저장 후에는 대조구에 비하여 증자 찰옥수수 처리구가 약 2 log, 당처리구는 약 2.7 log 정도 감소하였다. 곰팡이 및 효모는 총균수보다 원적외선 건조에 약간 더 저항성이 강한 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 결과는 $25^{\circ}C$에서 저장시 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 생옥수수의 호화도는 저장 전에 98%, 저장 7개월 후 96.2%로 거의 변화가 없었으나 원적외선 건조한 증자 찰옥수수는 저장 전에 81.14%, $4^{\circ}C$에서 7개월 저장 후 58.73%로 많이 노화되었으며 이러한 결과는 당처리구에서도 유사하게 나타났다. 수분함량은 당처리구 찰옥수수가 증자 찰옥수수에 비하여 건조시간이 증가함에 따라 수분함량이 더욱 낮아졌으며 색도변화는 생옥수수는 건조시간이 증가함에 따라 색의 밝기(L값)가 증가하였으나 증자 또는 당처리구 찰옥수수는 9시간 건조까지는 건조시간에 따라 L값이 증가하였으며 12시간 이후부터는 현저하게 감소하였다. 경도는 건조전에 생옥수수가 증자 또는 당처리 찰옥수수에 비하여 경도가 높았으며 9시간 건조이후에는 생옥수수와 당처리 찰옥수수의 경도가 비슷하게 나타났으나 증자 찰옥수수는 현저하게 경도가 저하되었다. 본 연구결과, 찰옥수수를 원적외선 건조하여 수분함량을 낮춤으로 미생물의 생육 저하, 저장성 향상은 물론 안전성 및 고품질 확보에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim DH, Kwon TJ, Yang HC, Yoon HS. 1995. Food Chemistry. Young Ji Culture Co., Seoul. p 459-479
  2. Newman RK, Lewis SE, Newman CW, Boik RJ, Ramage RI. 1989. Hypocholesterolemic effects of barley foods on healthy men. Nutr Rep Inst 34: 749-752
  3. Kim SL, Moon HG, Ryu YH. 2002. Current status and prospect of quality evaluation in maize. Korean J Crop Sci 47: 107-123
  4. Lee SK, Shin MS. 1997. Morphological properties of lintnerized maize starches with different amylose content. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 26: 1086-1090
  5. So SY, Choi DC, Yu CJ. 2005. Analysis of management conditions of waxy corn in Chonbuk region. Bulletin of the Agriculture College, Chonbuk National University 36: 154- 164
  6. Willy RC, Schales FD, Corey KA. 1989. Quality and preservation of vegetable (sweet corn). CRC press, Inc., Boca Raton
  7. Son YK, Son JR, Kim KJ, Kim SL. 1999. Postharvest biotechnology of vegetable corn in Korea. Korea J Intl Agri 11: 391-402
  8. Stanley JK. 1991. Postharvest physiology of perishable plant product. An AVI Book, New York
  9. Koh HK, Cho YJ, Park JB, Kim YH, Kang SW. 1989. Efficient utilization of energy in drying process for rewetted red pepper-hot-air-convective and infrared-radiant drying-J Korean Agric Mechanic 14: 262-271
  10. 한층수, 연광석, 조성찬, 최태섭. 1994. 원적외선 건조에 관한 연구 - 당근의 건조 특성 분석 -. 농촌 열에너지 연구보고 논문집 10: 65-76
  11. Lee MK, Kim SH, Ham SS, Lee SY, Chung CK, Kang IJ, Oh DH. 2000. The effect of far infrared ray-vacuum drying on the quality changes of Pimpinella bracycarpa. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 29: 561-567
  12. Kainuma K, Matsunaga A, Itagawa M, Kobayashi S. 1981. New enzyme system B-amylase-pullulanase to determine the degree of gelatinization and retrogradation of starch or starch product. J Jap Soc Starch Sci 28: 235-238 https://doi.org/10.5458/jag1972.28.235
  13. Choi JH, Im JI, Oh DH. 2006. Effect of gamma irradiation on the microbiological and physicochemical quality changes of steamed waxy corn during storage. Korean J Food Preservation In press
  14. Jung JH, Cho SH. 2003. Preservatory effect of sweet per-simmons, mandarin oranges and apples stored in the far- infrared radiated chamber. Korean J Food Preservation 10: 435-440
  15. Becker HA. 1960. On the absorption of liquid water by the wheat kernel. Cereal Chem 37: 309-312
  16. 석호문, 김성수, 홍희도, 이영택, 김경탁. 1996. 식용옥수수의 저장, 포장기술개선 및 가공제품 개발연구. 한국식품개발연구원 연구보고서
  17. Choi OJ, Lee HJ. 1995. Changes in properties of potato starch after the storage of potato heated by microwave. J Sci Educ 3: 91-101

Cited by

  1. Effects of drying methods on quality characteristics and antioxidative effects of Omija (Schizandra chinesis bailon) vol.21, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2014.21.3.341
  2. Optimization of Processing Conditions and Selection of Optimum Species for Sweet Potato Chips vol.26, pp.3, 2013, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2013.26.3.565