초록
호남평야지에서 건답직파 조기파종재배에 알맞은 완효성복합비료 시용량을 구명하고자 '97~'98년에 호남농업시험장 수도포장인 전북통(미사질양토)에서 동진벼를 공시하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 토양의 암모니아태 질소는 유수형성기까지는 관행시비보다 모든 완효성비료 시비에서 많았고 완효성비료 시용량이 많을수록 많았으나 출수기에는 이삭거름시용으로 관행시비가 완효성비료보다 많았다. 초장은 최고 분얼기까지는 관행시비보다 완효성비료시비에서 길었으나 간장은 완효성비료 100%시용을 제외하고는 관행시비와 같거나 짧았다. 경수와 수수는 모든 생육시기에서 관행시비보다 완효성비료시용에서 많았고 완효성비료 시용량이 많을수록 많았으나 유효경비율은 정수 및 수수와 반대의 경향이었다. 질소 이용율은 관행시비보다 완효성비료시용에서 높았고 완효성비료 시용량이 많을수록 감소되는 경향이었다. 단위면적당 입수는 관행시비보다 완효성비료를 증시할수록 많았으나 현미 천립중은 단위면적당 입수와 반대의 경향이었다. 쌀 수량은 완효성비료 60% 시비는 관행시비와 차이가 없었으나 완효성비료 80%이상에서는 관행시비보다 증수되었다. 이상에서와 같이 질소이용율, 생육, 도복 및 수량을 고려한 벼 건답직파 조기파종 재배에 알맞은 완효성비료 전층시비량은 질소관행 시비량의 80%정도라고 판단된다.
A research was carried out to investigate the release pattern of slow release nitrogen fertilizer compound(SRNC) that is latex coated urea(LCU) and to recommend the application rate of the fertilizer at dry seeding rice culture in Honam plain area. The experiment was conducted at experimental field(Jeonbug series, fine silty, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts) of National Honam Agricultural Research Institute. A medium late maturing rice variety (Dongjinbyeo) was seeded at the rate of $60kg\;ha^{-1}$ by drill seeder on April 1, 1997 and March 30, 1998. Fertilizer application rate was $160-90-110kg\;ha^{-1}$ for $N-P_2O_5-K_2O$. Soil ammonium nitrate($NH_4-N$) contents remained higher in all SRNC plots than conventional ones and higher with the increase of SRNC application rate until panicle formation stage, but the contents was higher in the conventional than NRNC plots at the heading stage. The plant hight was taller in SRNC than conventional plots until maximum tiller stage, but became similar in both conventional and SRNC plots at heading stage. The culm and panicle number was greater in SRNC than conventional plots throughout all growth stage, but the effective tiller rate was higher in conventional ones. Nitrogen efficiency was higher in the SRNC than conventional plots, but the efficiency was decreasing with the higher SRNC level. The spikelet number per unit area was greater in SRNC than conventional plots, and increased with higher SRNC level. The more spikelet number with higher NRNC level resulted in lower 1,000-grain weight. The rice yield in conventional plot was similar with only 60% SRNC level, but lower than 80% and 100% SRNC levels. However, slight lodging was observed in 100% SRNC level. In conclusions, we recommend NRNC application level as 80% of standard nitrogen application for early dry seeding culture of rice Honam plain area.
