소성변형특성을 이용한 사실적인 직물 시뮬레이션

Realistic Cloth Simulation using Plastic Deformation

  • 오동훈 (서강대학교 미디어공학과) ;
  • 정문렬 (서강대학교 미디어공학과) ;
  • 송창근 (한림대학교 정보통신공학부) ;
  • 이종완 (한림대학교 물리학과)
  • 발행 : 2006.06.01

초록

본 논문은 소성변형(plastic deformation)특성을 갖는 직물의 움직임을 시뮬레이션하는 기법을 제안한다. 소성은 탄성과 반대되는 개념으로, 물질이 외부의 힘에 의해 변형되었을 때, 초기상태로 완전히 회복되지 못하는 성질이다. 직물은 파티클 모델(particle model)을 이용하여 모델링하며, 파티클간의 상호작용은 바로 인접한 파티클간의 순차연결과 한 파티클 건너에 있는 파티클간의 교차연결을 설정함으로써 표현한다. 순차연결은 직물의 압축과 인장변형을, 교차연결은 직물의 굽힙변형을 표현한다. 연결은 스프링으로 모델링하는데, 순차연결은 탄성스프링으로, 교차연결은 변형정도에 따라, 탄성스프링 또는 소성스프링으로 모델링한다. 본 논문은 기존의 파티클 모델에서 사용하는 탄성스프링에 소성스프링을 추가하여 직물의 소성변형 현상을 표현한 것이다. 그 결과, 굽힘주름과 영구변형된 구김주름, 그리고 주름이 직물 전체에 고루 분포되는 현상을 시뮬레이션할 수 있었다. 연결의 탄성스프링과 소성스프링을 모델링할 때 직물운동방정식 수치해법의 안정성을 보장하기 위해 직물 시스템의 강성 메트릭스 (stiffness matrix)가 indefinite이 되지 않도록 주의를 기울였다.

This paper presents a cloth simulation technique that implements plastic deformation. Plasticity is the property that material does not restore completely to the original state once deformed, in contrast to elasticity. We model cloth using a particle model, and posit two kinds of connections between particles, i.e. the sequential connections between immediate neighbors, and the interlaced connections between every other neighbors. The sequential connections represent the compression and tension of cloth, and the interlaced connections the bending in cloth. The sequential connections are modeled by elastic springs, and the interlaced connections by elastic or plastic spring depending on the amount of the current deformation of the connections. Our model is obtained by adding plastic springs to the existing elastic particle model of cloth. Using the new model, we have been able to simulate bending wrinkles, permanently deformed wrinkles, and small wrinkles widely distributed over cloth. When constructing elastic and plastic spring models for sequential and interlaced connections, we took pain to prevent the stiffness matrix of the whole cloth system from being indefinite, in order to help achieve physical stability of the cloth motion equation and to improve the effectiveness of the numerical method.

키워드

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