한국식품과학회지 (Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology)

한국식품과학회 (Korean Society of Food Science and Technology)
권호 표지

HPLC-FLD 및 LC-MS/MS에 의한 식품 중 총아플라톡신 오염실태 조사

A Survey of Total Aflatoxins in Food Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detector (HPLC-FLD) and Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)

  • 장미란 (부산지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터) ;
  • 이창희 (부산지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터) ;
  • 조성혜 (부산지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터) ;
  • 박준식 (부산지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터) ;
  • 권은영 (부산지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터) ;
  • 이은진 (부산지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터) ;
  • 김소희 (부산지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터) ;
  • 김대병 (부산지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터)
  • 발행 : 2007.10.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

국내유통중인 곡류, 견과류 및 그 가공품 총 25품목, 393건의 시료에 대해 immunoaffinity column 정제방법을 이용하여 총아플라톡신 오염실태를 조사하였으며, 그 결과 곡류 및 곡류가공품 6건, 견과류 및 견과류 가공품 37건에서 아플라톡신 오염이 확인되었으며 오염수준은 아플라톡신 $B_1$으로서 $0.04-2.65{\mu}g/kg$, 총아플라톡신으로서 $0.04-5.51{\mu}g/kg$ 범위로 나타났다. Immunoaffinity column 정제를 거쳐 HPLC-FLD로 분석한 결과 아플라톡신이 검출된 시료에 대해서 LC-MS/MS로 확인하였으며, 그 결과 모두 아플라톡신으로 확인되었다. 본 연구결과에서 나타난 곡류 및 견과류에 대한 아플라톡신 검출빈도 및 오염수준은 국내, 외 연구 결과와 유사하거나 비교적 낮게 나타났으며 국내 아플라톡신 기준 및 미국, CODEX에서 설정된 기준규격 이하로 검출되었다.

A survey for total aflatoxins (aflatoxins $B_1$, $B_2$, $G_1$, and $G_2$) was conducted on 245 cereals and processed cereal products, and 148 nuts and processed nut products in Korea, for a total of 393 commercialized ed samples. The total aflatoxins were quantified by the immunoaffinity column clean-up method with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) - fluorescence detection (FLD), and were confirmed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Total aflatoxins(AFs) were detected in 37 samples (9.4% incidence), including 2 millet samples, 1 mixed cereal (sunsik), 1 powdered malt sample, 2 processed cereal products, 6 peanut samples, 22 peanut butter samples, and 1 sample each of almonds, adlay tea, and a processed nut product. The contamination levels were $0.04-2.65{\mu}g/kg$ for aflatoxin $B_1$, and $0.04-5.51{\mu}g/kg$ for total aflatoxins. Finally, LC-MS/MS analysis of the contaminated samples was conducted to confirm the detected aflatoxins, and all 37 samples showing aflatoxins by HPLC-FLD were confirmed by LC-MS/MS.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Iamanaka BT, de Menezes HC, Vicente E, Leite RSF, Taniwaki MH. Aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxins occurrence in sultanas and dried figs commercialized in Brazil. Food Control 18: 454- 457 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2005.12.002
  2. Rustom IYS. Aflatoxin in food and feed: Occurrence, legislation, and inactivation by physical methods. Food Chem. 59: 57-67 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(96)00096-9
  3. Blesa J, Soriano JM, Molto JC, Manes J. Limited survey for the presence of aflatoxins in foods from local markets and supermarkets in Valencia, Spain. Food Addit. Contam. 21: 165-171 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1080/0265203031000
  4. Bae SI, Kwak BY, Park YK, Kim YH, Shon DH. Survey of aflatoxin $B_1$ in domestic doenjang and kochujang determined by enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay. J. Food Hyg. Saf. 18: 95- 100 (2003)
  5. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Agents reviewed by the IARC monographs. Volumes 1- 97 Available from: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ crthallalph.php Accessed Aug. 13, (2007)
  6. Lee SE, Campbell BC, Molyneux RJ, Hasegawa S, Lee HS. Inhibitory effects of naturally occurring compounds on aflatoxin B1 biotransformation. J. Agr. Food Chem. 49: 5171-5177 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010454v
  7. Das C, Mishrain HN. In vitro degradation of aflatoxin $B_1$ by horse radish peroxidase. Food Chem. 68: 309-313 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(99)00196-X
  8. Buser MD, Abbas HK. Effects of extrusion temperature and dwell time on aflatoxin levels in cottonseed. J. Agr. Food Chem. 50: 2556-2559 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011479x
  9. Yeo HJ, Kim JG. Effects of cooking and processing on the reduction of aflatoxin content in corn. J. Food Hyg. Saf. 18: 87-93 (2003)
  10. Semple RL, Frio AS, Hicks PA and Lozare JV. Mycotoxin prevention and control in foodgrains. A collaborative publication of the UNDP/FAO Regional Network Inter-Country Cooperation on Preharvest Technology and Quality Control of Foodgrains (REGNET) and the ASEAN Grain Postharvest Programme. Available from: http://www.fao.org/docrep/x5036e/x5036E00.htm Accessed Aug. 16, (2007)
  11. Creppy EE. Update of survey, regulation, and toxic effects of mycotoxins in Europe. Toxicol. Lett. 127: 19-28 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00479-9
  12. Worldwide regulations for mycotoxins in food and feed in 2003. FAO Food and nutition paper 81. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome 2004. Available from: http:// www.fao.org/docrep/007/y5499e/y5499e00.htm Accessed Aug. 16, (2007)
  13. Hwang JH, Chun HS, Lee KG. Aflatoxins in food-Analytical methods and reduction of toxicity by physicochemical processes. J. Korean Soc. Appl. Bio. Chem. 47: 1-16 (2004)
  14. Akiyama H, Goda Y, Tanaka T, Toyoda M. Determination of aflatoxin $B_1,\;B_2,\;G_1,\;G_2$ in spices using a multifunctional column clean-up. J. Chromatogr. A 932: 153-157 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01211-0
  15. Park JW, Kim EK, Shon DH, Kim YB. Natural co-occurrence of aflatoxin B1, fumonisin $B_1$, and ochratoxin A in barley and corn foods from Korea. Food Addit. Contam. 19: 1073-1080 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030210151840
  16. Giray B, Girgin G, Engin AB, Aydin S, Sahin G. Aflatoxin levels in wheat samples consumed in some regions of Turkey. Food Control 18: 23-29 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2005.08.002
  17. Abdulkadar AHW, Al-Ali AA, Al-Kildi AM, Al-Jedah JH. Mycotoxins in food products available in Qatar. Food Control 15: 543-548 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2003.08.008
  18. Kim MH. Comparison of methods for determination of aflatoxins in food products. J. Food Hyg. Saf. 11: 149-157 (1996)
  19. Lee JO, Oh KS, Sho YS, Park SS, Suh JH, Choi WJ, Lee BH, Woo GJ. A survey of total aflatoxin in foods. Annu. Rep. KFDA 9. p. 148. Korea Food & Drug Administration, Seoul, Korea (2005)
  20. Oh KS, Suh JH, Park SS, Sho YS, Choi WJ, An YS, Lee JO, Woo GJ. Advanced in the analysis of total aflatoxin in foods. J. Food Hyg. Saf. 21: 76-81 (2006)
  21. Chun HS, Kim HJ, Ok HE, Hwang JB, Chung DH. Determination of aflatoxin levels in nuts and their products consumed in South Korea. Food Chem. 102: 385-391 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.05.031
  22. Park JW. Analysis of peanut and peanut butter retailed in Korea for aflatoxin $B_1$. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 38: 309-312 (2006)
  23. Chan D, MacDonald SJ, Boughtflower V, Brereton P. Simultaneous determination of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in food using a fully automated immunoaffinity column clean-up and liquid chromatography–fluorescence detection. J. Chromatogr. A 1059: 13-16 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2004.09.096
  24. Escobar A, Regueiro OS. Determination of aflatoxin $B_1$ in food and feedstuffs in Cuba (1990 through 1996) using an immunoenzymatic reagent kit (Aflacen). J. Food Protect. 65: 219-221 (2002) https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-65.1.219
  25. Mphande FA, Siame BA, Taylor JE. Fungi, aflatoxins and cyclopiazonic acid associated with peanut retailing in Botswana. J. Food Protect. 67: 96-102 (2004) https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-67.1.96
  26. Park JW, Kim EK, Kim YB. Estimation of the daily exposure of Koreans to aflatoxin $B_1$ through food consumption. Food Addit. Contam. 21: 70-75 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030310001622782
  27. Oh KS, Suh JH, Sho YS, Park SS, Choi WJ, JO Lee, Kim HY, Woo GJ. Exposure assessment of total aflatoxin in foods. Korean J. Food Sci. 39: 25-28 (2007)
  28. Sugita-Konishi Y, Nakajima M, Tabata S, Ishikuro E, Tanaka T, Norizuki H, Itoh Y, Aoyama K, Fujita K, Kai S, Kumagai S. Occurrence of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and fumonisins in retail foods in Japan. J. Food Protect. 69: 1365-1370 (2006) https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-69.6.1365
  29. Abdulkadar AHW, Al-Ali A, Al-Jedah J. Aflatoxin contamination in edible nuts imported in Qatar. Food Control 11: 157-160 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-7135(99)00088-2
  30. Thuvander A, Möller T, Barbieri HE, Jansson A, Salomonsson AC, Olsen M. Dietary intake of some important mycotoxins by the Swedish population. Food Addit. Contam. 18: 696-706 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030121353