Journal of Veterinary Clinics (한국임상수의학회지)

The Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics (한국임상수의학회)
권호 표지

Effect of Green Tea Extract on Healing of Contaminated Wound in Dogs

개의 피부 감염창 치유에 대한 녹차 추출물의 국소도포 효과

  • Kim, Bo-Ram (Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University) ;
  • Cheong, Jong-Tae (Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University) ;
  • Park, Hyun-Jeong (Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University) ;
  • Yun, Young-Min (Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University) ;
  • Lee, Kyoung-Kap (Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University) ;
  • Kang, Tae-Young (Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Hoon (Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University) ;
  • Bae, Jong-Hee (Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University) ;
  • Lee, Joo-Myoung (Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University)
  • Published : 2007.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to assess healing effect of the green tea on Staphylococcus contaminated wound. On the back of 7 dogs, 6 full-thickness skin wounds($2cm{\times}2cm$) were made and Staphylococcus intermedius was inoculated. Each wound was applied with the 2%(experimental group I), 1%(experimental group II) extract of green tea and normal saline(control group I) after inoculation. The wound contraction rate of the experimental group I and II was higher than that of the control group in entire period. And from the $6^{th}\;to\;22^{nd}$ day, the wound contraction rate of the experimental group I and II was significantly higher than that of the control group(p<0.05). The occupation rate of wound healing in the experimental group I was higher than that of the control group from $0\;to\;9^{th}$ day except from $1^{st}\;to\;2^{nd}$ day and also higher than that of the experimental group II from $0\;to\;3^{rd}$ day except from $1^{st}\;to\;2^{nd}$ day. And the occupation rate of wound healing in the experimental group II was higher than that of the control group from $1^{st}\;to\;8^{th}$ day except from $2^{nd}\;to\;3^{rd}$ day. According to concentration of green tea extract increased, the wound contracted more vigorously in earlier period. The tensile strength of the experimental group I and II was significantly higher than that of the control group(p<0.05). And that of the experimental group I was also higher than in the experimental group II(p<0.05). The number of S. intermedius in the experimental group I and II was decreased more rapidly than that of the control group. From the $4^{th}$ to the $11^{th}$ day, the number of S. intermedius in the experimental group I was significantly lower than that of the experimental group II and the control group. And from the $4^{th}$ to the $7^{th}$ day, the number of S. intermedius in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The histopathological findings of the experimental group I and II were similar to those of the control group on the $1^{st}\;and\;4^{th}$ day. On $14^{th}$ day, reepithelialization was completed in the experimental group I and II except the control group. Higher wound contraction rate, better bacteriocidal action, higher tensile strength and better histopathological findings were observed in the experimental group I and II than in the control group. These results suggest that the topical application of green tea extract can promote contaminated wound healing in dogs.

Keywords

References

  1. Amra Perva-Uzunalic, Mojca Skerget, Zeljko Knez, Bernd Weinreich, Frank Otto, Sabine Gruner. Extraction of active ingredients from greent tea(Camellia sinensis) : Extraction efficiency of major catechins and caffeine. Food Chem. 2006; 96:597-605 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.03.015
  2. Anna Ritta Blanco, Simona La Terra Mule, Gioia Babini, Spiridione Garbisa, Vincenzo Enea, Dario Rusciano. (-) Epigallocatechin- 3-gallate inhibits gelatinase activity of some bacterial isolates from ocular infection, and limits their invasion through gelatine. Biochemica et Biophysia Acta. 2003; 1620: 273-281 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4165(03)00007-2
  3. Archibald J, Blakely CL. Basic procedures and preoperative consideration in Archibald J; Canine Surgery, ed 2. Santa Barbara. American Veterinary Publication Inc. 1974; 22-24
  4. Berg JN, Wendell DE, Vogelweid C., et al. Identification of the coagulase-positive staphylococcus sp. of dogs as staphylococcus intermedius, Am J Vet Res, 1984; 45: 1307-1309
  5. Bryant WM. Wound healing. Clin Symp. 1997; 29: 2
  6. CL Gallant-Behm, H Tsao, C Reno, ME Olson, DA Hart. Skin wound healing in the first generation(F1) offspring of Yorkshire and red Duroc pigs: Evidence for genetic inheritance of wound phenotype. Burns. 2006; 32: 180-193 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2005.10.012
  7. Erlich P., Hunt YK., Effects of cortisone and vitamin A on wound healing, Ann Surg 1968; 167: 324 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-196803000-00004
  8. Faye A Hartmann, David G White, Susan EH West, Robert D Walker, Douglas J Deboer. Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus intermedius carriage by healthy dogs and comparision of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns to isolates from dogs with pyoderma. Vet Microb. 2005; 108: 119-131 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.03.006
  9. File TM Jr and Tan JS. Treatment of skin and soft-tissue infections. Am J Surg. 1995; 169:27S-33S
  10. Gabbiani G, and Majno G. Dupuytren's contracture, Fibroblast contraction Am J Pathol 1972; 66: 131
  11. Gabbiani G, Ryan GB, and Majno G. Presence of modified fibroblasts in granulation tissue and their possible role in wound contraction. Experientia 1971; 27: 549 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02147594
  12. Graham HN, Green tea composition, consumption, and polyphenol chemistry, Prev Med, 1992; 21: 334-350 https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-7435(92)90041-F
  13. Johnston, DE. Wound healing arch. Am Coll Vet Surg. 1974; 3: 30
  14. Hedlund, C. H., Surgery of the Intergumentary System, Small Animal Surgery 2nd ed., Mosby, St. Louis, 2002; 134-228
  15. Hirota Fujiki, Masami Suganuma, Sachiko Okabe, Naoko Sueoka, Atsumasa Komori, Eisaburo Sueoka, Tomoko Kozu, Yukiko Tada, Kenju Suga, Kazue Imai, Kei Nakachi. Cancer inhibition by green tea. Mutation Research. 1998; 402:307- 310 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00310-2
  16. Hosgood, G., Wound Repair and Specific Tissue Response to Injury, Textbook of Small Animal Surgery 3rd ed., WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 2003; 66-86
  17. Huang Y., Zhang A., Lau CW, Chen ZY, Vasorelaxant effects of purified green tea epicatechin derivatives in rat mesenteric artery, Life Sci, 1998; 63: 275-283 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(98)00273-2
  18. Hii CS, Howell SL, Effects of epicatechin on rat islets of Langerhansns, Diabetes, 1984
  19. Ikigai H, Nakae T., Hara Y., Shimamura T., Bactericidal catechins damage the lipid bilayer. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1993; 1147: 132-136 https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2736(93)90323-R
  20. James L Watson, Maria Vicario, Arthur Wang, Miquel Moreto, Derek M. Mckay. Immune cell activation and subsequent epithelial dysfunction by staphylococcus endotoxin is attanuted by green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocathechin gallate. Cellular Immunology. 2005; 237: 7-16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellimm.2005.08.030
  21. Johnsenm DE., Wound healing in skin, In: Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Vet Clin Nor Am 1990; 20: 1-25 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0195-5616(90)50001-7
  22. Kelly C., Hunter K., Crosbie I., Gordon MJ, Dutta-Roy AK, Modulation of human platelet function by food flavonoids, Biochem Soc Trans 1996; 24: 1978
  23. KF Chah, CA Eze, CE Emuelosi, CO Esimone. Antibacterial and wound healing properties of methanolic extracts of some Nigerian medicinal plants. J Ethnophamacology. 2006; 104: 164-167 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.070
  24. Linna Zhang, Ian R. Tizard. Activation of a mouse macrophage cell line byacemnan. The major carbohydratate fraction from Aloe vera gel. Immunophamacology. 1996; 35: 119-128 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0162-3109(96)00135-X
  25. Lloyd DH, Allaker RP, Pattinson A., Carriage of Staphylococcus intermedius on the ventral abdomen of clinically normal dogs and those with pyoderma, Vet dermatol, 1991; 2: 161-164 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3164.1991.tb00127.x
  26. LSB, Fraga CG, (+)-catechin prevents human plasma oxidation, Free Radic Biol Med, 1998; 24: 435-441 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(97)00276-1
  27. Majeti NV, Ravi Kumar. A review of chitin and chitosan applications. Reactive & functional Polymer. 2000; 46: 1-27 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1381-5148(00)00038-9
  28. McFarland, J Nephelometer. An instrument for estimating the number of bacteria in suspension used for calculating the opsonic index for vaccines. J Am Med Assoc. 1907; 14: 1176-1178
  29. Medleau L., Long RE, Brwon J., et al. Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus species isolated from canine pyoderma, Am J Vet Res, 1986; 44:601-605
  30. Mellin TN, Mennie RJ, Cashen DE, Ronan JJ, Capparella J, James ML, Disalvo J, Frank J, Linemeyer D and Gimenez Gallego G, et al. Acidic fibroblast growth factor accelerates dermal wound healing. Growth factors. 1992; 7:1-14 https://doi.org/10.3109/08977199209023933
  31. Nuria Caturla, Eva Vera-Samper, Jose Villalain, C Reyes Mateo, Vicente Micol. The relationship between the antioxidant and the antibacterial properties of gallyolated catechins and the structure of phospholipid model membranes. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 2003; 34(6): 648-662 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01366-7
  32. O'Dell ML., Skin and wound infections: an overview. Am Fam Physician. 1998; 57:2424-2432
  33. Paul D Stapleton, Saroj Shah, James C Anderson, Yukihiko Hara, Jeremy MT Hamilton-Miller, Peter W Taylor. Modulation of $\beta$-lactam resistance in Staphylococcus aureus by catechins and gallate. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2004; 23:462-467 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.09.027
  34. Peter C, John T. Fusidic acid in vitro activity. Int J Antimicrob Agents 1999; 12: s59-s66 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-8579(98)00074-0
  35. Prost CW., Bright RM., Wound healing In: Textbook of Small Animal Surgery, 1985; 28-37
  36. Senji Sakanaka, Lekh Laj Juneja, Makoto Taniguchi. Antimicrobial effects of green tea polyphenols on themophilic spore-forming bacteria. J Bioscience and Bioengineering. 2000; 90(1): 81-85 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-1723(00)80038-9
  37. Suzuki H., Ishigaki A., Hara Y., Long term effect of a trace amount of tea catechins with perilla oil on the plasma lipids in mice, Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1998; 68: 272-274
  38. Swaim, S. F., R. A. Henderson Jr. and R.S. Pidgeon. Small Animal Wound Management, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia. 1990; 1-51
  39. Valerie Dodane M, Amin Khan, June R Merwin. Effects of chitosan on epithelial permeability and structure. Int J Pham. 1999; 182: 21-342 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(99)00030-7
  40. Yang CS, Wang ZY, Tea and cancer. Natl Cancer Inst, 1993; 85: 1038-1049 https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.13.1038
  41. Yoshiharu O, Tomatsu T, Saburo M, Akira M, Norichika HK, Shin-ichiro T, Yashihiro S. Effects of Chitosan on Experimental Abscess with Staphylococcus aureus in Dog. J Vet Med Sci. 1995; 57: 765-767 https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.57.765
  42. Young-sam Kwon, Jung-woo Rhee, Kwang-ho Jang. A comparative study of hydrocolloid($Duoderm{\circledR}$) and hydrogel (Nu-$Gel{\circledR}$) occlusive dressing materials in the treatment of fullthickness skin wound in dogs. J Vet Clin. 2003; 20(3): 294-301