Study on the Quality Improvement of Acidic Citrus Juices, Citrus natsudaidai and Citrus grandis, by Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis

전기투석용 bipolar 막을 이용한 하밀감 및 당유자 주스의 품질개선에 관한 연구

  • Yang, Min-Ho (Department of Food Bioengineering, Cheju National University) ;
  • Kang, Yeung-Joo (Department of Food Bioengineering, Cheju National University)
  • 양민호 (제주대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 강영주 (제주대학교 식품생명공학과)
  • Published : 2007.12.01

Abstract

Acidic citrus juices obtained from C. natsudaidai and C. grandis were electrodialyzed with bipolar and organic acid selective membrane (ion exchange membrane) cartridges. The pH levels of the acidic citrus juices gradually increased to 14.5% (C. grandis) and 25.2% (C. natsudaidai) by electrodialysis with the bipolar membranes, while levels remained consistent when organic acid selective membranes were applied. The total acidity levels decreased more with the organic selective membrane than with the bipolar membrane. Conductivity rose with the bipolar membranes while the value continued to fall rapidly with the organic selective membranes. Sugar and flavonoid contents remained relatively unchanged, without any significant differences before and after electrodialysis with each membrane. Also, ion contents were almost unchanged with the bipolar membranes and the electrolyte, $K_2SO_4$, as compared to rapid changes in sodium and potassium levels with the organic selective membranes and the electrolyte, $K_2SO_4$. In summary, the use of bipolar membranes provided juice with better sensory quality than that of the organic acid selective membranes.

고산성 감귤 주스에 속하는 하밀감과 당유자 주스를 bipolar 막으로 100분 전기투석하여 품질변화를 조사하였고, 하밀감 시료에 대하여서는 일반적으로 탈산용으로 사용되는 유기산 선택성 막과 비교분석하였다. Bipolar 막 장착 후 전기투석하였을 때 pH는 점진적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 유기산 선택성 막을 사용하였을 때는 투석 후 거의 pH가 변하지 않았다. 총산도는 유기산 선택성 막을 사용하여 전기투석 후 하밀감 시료인 경우 약 70.0% 감소하였고, bipolar 막은 약 57.2% 감소하였다. 가용성고혈분은 모든 시료에서 약 10% 정도 감소하였다. 전기전도도는 유기산 선택성 막을 이용한 경우에는 3.2에서 0.9까지 급격히 감소하였으나, bipolar 막은 반대로 하밀감, 당유자 주스에서 약 24.6, 20.9%의 전기전도도가 상승하는 결과를 보였다. 당산비가 100분 투석 후 약 1.4-2.0배 증가하였다. 유리당, 플라보노이드는 사용된 투석막 차이에 대한 전기투석 전후 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 유기산은 함량은 투석 후 상당히 감소하였다. 유기산 선택성 막, $Na_2SO_4$ 전극액으로 전기투석 시 potassium 및 sodium의 급격한 함량변화가 있었으나, bipolar막, $K_2SO_4$ 전극액으로 전기투석에 의하여 이온 함량 변화가 거의 없는 주스 생산이 가능했다. 총폴리페놀 함량, 전자공여 작용 및 아질산염 소거능 등 항산화 효과에 대한 영향은 전기투석 후 약간 감소하는 것으로 조사되었다. 관능검사 결과 bipolar 막을 사용하여 전기투석한 시료가 기호도가 좋았으며, 이 투석 주스에 가당한 시료가 맛과 종합적 기호도에서 가장 평점이 높았다.

Keywords

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