Enzymatic Assessment of $2-Hydroxyethyl-{\beta}-undecenate$ Purified from Cumin (Cuminum cymium L.) Seed for Anti-periodontitis

Cumin(Cuminum cymium L.) seed로부터 정제한 $2-hydroxyethyl-{\beta}-undecenate$의 항치주염 효과의 효소학적 평가

The present study was conducted to explore the anti-inflammatory action of $2-hydroxyethyl-{\beta}-undecenate$ (HPS) purified from Cumin (Cuminum cymium L.) seed against periodontitis. From the study in which human leukocyte was employed to detect the inhibiting effects of 5-lipokygenase and cyclooxygenase, enzymes generating carriers of infection like $LTB_4$ and PGs, as well as of collagenase and elastase, organ-destroying enzymes, following conclusions could be drawn: HPS was found to inhibit leukotrien $B_4$ biosynthesis by stimulating more than 97% of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) with addition of $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$ when $IC_{50}$ was set at $2\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M$. Ninety-two percent of enzyme activation turned out to be inhibited when $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$ was added in a test to prove inhibiting effects of HPS against activation of PMNL 5-lipoxygenase from homogeneous humans and purified 5-lipoxygenase on the market. Besides, $IC_{50}$ for enzyme activation was valued at $2.5\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M$, while the value of $IC_{50}$ for purified 5-lipoxygenase was $2.3\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M$. The $IC_{50}$ values of COX-activated leukocyte and purified collagenase were $5.1\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M$ and $2.3\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M$, respectively. Moreover, the value of $IC_{50}$ for activation of leukocyte collagenase was $2\;{\times}\;10^{-3}\;M$, whereas that for purified collagenase was $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$. In case of leukocyte elastase, addition of $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$ inhibited its activation by 66%. In case of purified one, however, activation of enzyme was inhibited by 25% with addition of $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$. Furthermore, the $IC_{50}$ value for activation of leukocyte elastase was revealed to be $7.5\;{\times}\;10^{-3}\;M$. From the virulence test with human gingiva cell, it was shown that, on the second day of cultivation, 47.83% of the cell had been activated when HPS was added by $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$. Even the addition of HPS by $1\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$ featured 68.53% of cell activation, suggesting relatively strong toxicity of the substance against gingiva cell.

본 연구자들은 Cumin(Cuminum cymium L.) seed로부터 정제한 $2-hydroxyethyl-{\beta}-undecenate$의 항치주염 활성을 사람의 백혈구를 이용하여 염증 매개물질 $LTB_4$ 및 PGs의 생성 효소인 5-lipoxygenase와 cyclooxygenase, 및 조직파괴 효소인 collagenase와 elastase의 저해 효과를 규명하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. HPS의 항치주염 활성을 사람의 백혈구를 이용하여 염증 매개물질 $LTB_4$ 및 PGs의 생성 효소인 5-lipoxygenase와 cyclooxygenase 및 조직파괴효소인 collagenase와 elastase의 저해효과를 규명한 결과, HPS은 $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$ 첨가 시 97%의 PMNL로부터 $LTB_4$ 생합성이 저해되었으며 이때 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $2\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M$ 이었다. 균질화된 사람의 PMNL 5-lipoxygenase 및 시판 정제 5-lipoxygenase 활성에 대한 HPS의 저해 효과는 $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$첨가 시 92%의 효소 활성이 저해되었다. 또한 효소 활성에 대한 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $2.5\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M$이었으며, 정제 5-lipoxygenase에 대한 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $2.3\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M$이었다. 또한 백혈구 COX 활성에 대한 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $5.1\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M$이었고, 정제 COX에 대한 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $2.3\;{\times}\;10^{-4}\;M$이었으며, 백혈구 collagenase 활성에 대한 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $2\;{\times}\;10^{-3}\;M$이었고 정제 collagenase에 대한 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$이었다. 백혈구 elastase의 경우 $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$ 첨가 시 66%의 활성이 저해된 반면 정제 elastase의 경우 $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$ 첨가 시 25%의 효소 활성이 저해되었다. 또한 백혈구 elastase 활성에 대한 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $7.5\;{\times}\;10^{-3}\;M$이었다. 인체 치은세포에 대한 독성 시험 결과 $5\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$의 HPS 첨가시 세포의 활성은 배양 2일째 47.83%로 나타났으며, $1\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;M$의 HPS 첨가시에도 68.53%로 나타나 비교적 세포독성이 강한 것으로 나타났다.