Biological Hazard Analysis of Leaf Vegetables and Fruits According to Types of Cultivation and Distribution Systems

엽채류 및 과채류의 재배유형 및 유통경로별 생물학적 위해요소 조사

  • Yu, Yong-Man (Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Youn, Young-Nam (Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Choi, In-Uk (Department of Infection Biology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Yuan, Xianglong (Department of Infection Biology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Young-Ha (Department of Infection Biology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
  • 유용만 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학) ;
  • 윤영남 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학) ;
  • 최인욱 (충남대학교 의과대학 감염생물학교실) ;
  • ;
  • 이영하 (충남대학교 의과대학 감염생물학교실)
  • Published : 2007.02.28

Abstract

As the consumption of environmentally friendly agricultural products increases, food safety is at the forefront of public health concerns. We analyzed the biological hazards of 26 species of leaf vegetables and 4 species of fruit according to types of cultivation (conventional or organic filming) and distribution system (giant retailers or organic food stores) using various culture media, automatic bacterial identification systems, and microscopy, Total bacterial count of unwashed agricultural product ranged from $5.2{\times}10^{3}\;to\;1.5{\times}10^{5}\;CFU/mL$ (from 0.1 g of agricultural products), and the average count dropped 25-fold (range, 8-60-fold) after water washing. Microbial levels of washed organic agricultural products were $6.0{\times}10^{2}-1.9{\times}10^{4}\;CFU/mL$, and were not significantly different f개m the microbial loads on conventionally farmed produce. There was no significant difference in bacterial count from agricultural produce purchased from giant retailers or organic food stores. Total microbial count of Chinese cabbage, welsh onion, red chicory and kale were comparatively high, and Enterobacter cloacae was isolated most frequently. Parasites were detected in agricultural products purchased from conventional farm products in the stores of giant retailers, and in organic food stores, and parasite prevalence was especially high in Chinese cabbages and welsh onion. The study indicated that cultivation methods and distribution systems did not cause significant differences in biological contamination levels of agricultural produce. Some vegetables and fruits were highly contaminated effective sanitizing methods to reduce these biological hazards are needed.

최근 친환경 농산물에 대한 소비자의 관심이 높아짐에 따라서 이들 친환경 농산물의 안전성에 대한 검증 요구가 증대되고 있다. 본 연구는 26종의 엽채류 및 4종의 과채류를 대상으로,재배유형(재래농법 및 유기농법)및 유통 경로 (대형마트 및 유기농전문점)에 따른 세균 및 기생충의 오염을 선택 감별배지, 자동 세균 동정 시스템, 현미경 관찰로 조사하였다. 수세하지 않은 농산물에 부착한 세균 집락 수는 농산물 균질액 1 mL(농산물 0.1 g) 당 $5.2{\times}10^{3}{\sim}1.5{\times}10^{5}\;CFU/mL$ 범위였으나, 흐르는 물로 2회 수세시 농산물에 부착되어 있는 세균 수가 $8{\sim}60$배(평균 25배) 감소하였다. 유기농법 농가에서 구입한 농산물을 2회 수세한 후 조사한 세균 집락 수는 $6.0{\times}10^{2}{\sim}2.1{\times}10^{4}\;CFU/mL$ 범위로, 재래농법 농가에서 생산한 농산물과 유사한 수의 세균 집락을 형성하였다. 또한 유통 경로별로 분석시, 대형마트에서 구입한 농산물의 세균 집락 수($1.4{\times}10^{2}{\sim}8.3{\times}10^{3}\;CFU/mL$)는 유기농 전문매장에서 구입한 농산물의 세균 집락 수와 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 조사한 농산물중 배추, 치콘, 치커리, 케일 등에서 상대적으로 많은 수의 세균이 검출되었으며, 가장 흔히 발견되는 세균 종은 Enterobacter cloacae이었다. 재래농법 농가에서 구입한 치콘, 쌈추에서 기생충이 발견되었으나, 유기농법 농가에서 구입한 농산물에서는 발견되지 않았다. 또한 대형 마트 및 유기농 전문상점에서 구입한 일부 농산물에서 기생충이 발견되었으며, 특히 배추 및 대파에서 높은 빈도로 검출되었다. 이상의 결과로보아, 엽채류 및 과채류의 세균 및 기생충의 오염도정도는 재배유형 및 유통경로에 따른 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 조사한 일부 농산물은 식품의 일반 기준 이상의 세균 및 기생충이 검출되어 생물학적 오염 방지를 위한 위생적인 생산 및 관리 대책이 요구된다.

Keywords

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