Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
권호 표지

The Mentum Deformity of C. riparius Following Exposure to Bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol

Bisphenol A와 4-nonylphenol에 노출된 C. riparius (Diptera: Chiromidae)의 하순기절 기형성

  • Published : 2007.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The fourth instar larvae of C. riparius were treated with potential endocrine disruption chemicals (EDCs) such as bisphenol A (BPA) and 4-nonylphenol and the effects of morphological abnormalities were observed. The deformities of the mentum following exposure to EDCs showed the smooth tooth, the loss of tooth and deformed tooth. The incidence rates of the mentum deformity were associated with chemicals: BPA $31{\sim}90%$, and 4-nonlyphenol was $40{\sim}80%$. As the concentration of BPA increased, the incidence of deformed mentum was dose dependent. While the incidences of deformed mentum following exposure to 4-nonlyphenol was not associated with their concentrations. The deformed MLT observed smooth or round tooth and the deformity of LT showed loss of one or more than tooth. Also, the MIX type was usually smooth or loss tooth. The abundance of deformity type for the mentum showed MIX (MLT+LT) > LT (lateral teeth) > MLT (median lateral teeth).

실내에서 사육된 C. riparius를 대상으로 내분비계 교란물질인 BPA와 4-nonylphenol을 처리하여 형태적인 변화를 살펴보았다. 약제에 노출된 개체의 하순기절은 부드러워지거나(smooth) 손실(loss)이 가장 많았다. 처리물질에 따른 기형의 정도를 살펴보면, BPA는 $31{\sim}90%$, 4-nonlyphenol은 $40{\sim}80%$의 범위를 보였다. BPA는 처리 농도가 증가할수록 기형도 증가하였으나 4-nonylphenol은 노출농도 증가와 기형발생의 비례적으로 나타나지 않았다. 처리 물질별 하순기절의 기형 부위를 살펴보면, MIX타입의 기형이 가장 많이 나타났으며 그 다음으로 LT, MLT 타입의 기형이 나타났다. MLT에서는 부드러워지는 형태가 가장 많았고 LT에서는 teeth가 손실되는 loss 타입의 기형이 가장 많이 나타났다. 또한 LT에서는 부드러워지는 마모와 손실이 복합적인 타입이 그 다음으로 빈번하였다. MIX는 부드러워지거나 손실 타입의 기형이 가장 다수 관찰되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. 국립환경연구원. 2002. 내분비계장애물질 측정분석방법
  2. Bechmann RK. 1999. Effect of the endocrine disrupter nonylphenol on the marine copepod Tisbe battagliai. Sci. Total Environ. 233:33-46 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00177-1
  3. Brown D, RS Thompson, KM Stewart, CP Croudace and E Gillings. 1996. The effect of phthalate ester plasticisers on the emergence of the midge (Chironomus riparius) from treated sediments. Chmosphere 32:2177-2187 https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(96)00128-2
  4. Colborn T and C Clement. 1992. Chemically induced alterations in sexual and functional development: the wildlife/human connection. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Scientific, 403pp
  5. Colborn T, D Dumanoski and JP Myers. 1996. Our Stolen Future. London: Abacus, 306pp
  6. Darbas B, J Zdarek, T Timar and MHT EI-Din. 1990. Effects of the bipyridylium herbicides diquat dibromide and paraquat dichloride on growth and development of Neobellieria bullata (Dipteralarvae. J. Econ. Entomol. 83:2175-2180 https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/83.6.2175
  7. De Bisthoven LJ, C Huysmans and F Ollevier. 1995. The in situ relationship between sediment concentrations of micropollutants and morphological deformities in Chironomus thummi larvae (Diptera; Chironomidae) from lowland river (Belgium): a spatial comparison. In: Chironomicls: from genes to ecosystems (Cranston PS, ed.). Canberra, Australia: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
  8. De Cooman W, M Florus and M Devroede. 1998. Karakterisatie van de bodems van de Vlaamse onbevaarbare waterlopen. Report D/1998/3241/224. Brussels: Aclministratie Milieu-, Natuur-Land- en Waterbeheer. 56
  9. DeFur P, M Crane, C Ingersoll and L Tattersfield. 1999. Endocrine disruption in invertebrates: endocrinology, testing, and assessment. Pansacola, FL: SET AC, 303pp
  10. Dickman M, Q Lan and B Matthews. 1990. Teratogens in the Niagara River watershed as reflected by chironomid (Diptera:Chironomidae) labial plate deformities. Water Pollut. Res. J. Can. 24:47-79
  11. Elendt BP and WR Bias. 1990. Trace nutrient deficiency in Daphnia magna cultured in standard medium for toxicity testing; effects of the optimization of culture conditions on life history parameters of Daphnia magna. Water Res. 24:1157-1167 https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(90)90180-E
  12. Hamilton AL and OA Saether. 1971. The occurrence of characteristic deformities in the chrononmid larvae of several Canadian lakes. Can. Entomol. 103:363-368 https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent103363-3
  13. Hutchinson TH, NA Pounds, M Hampel and TD Williams. 1999. Impact of natural and synthetic steroids on the survival, development and reproduction of marine copepods (Tisbe battagliai). Sci. Total Environ. 233: 167 -179 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00223-5
  14. Jobling S, D Sheahan, JA Osborne, P Matthiesen and JP Sumpter. 1996. Inhibition of testicular growth in rainbow trout (Onchorhyncus mykiss) exposed to estrogenic a]kylphenolic compounds. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15:194-202 https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<0194:IOTGIR>2.3.CO;2
  15. Kahl MD, EA Makynen, PA Kosian and GT Ankley.1997. Toxicity of 4-nonylphenol in a life-cycle test with the midge Chironomus tentans. Ecotoxical. Environ. Saf. 38: 155-160 https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.1997.1572
  16. Kosalwat P and KW Knight. 1987. Chronic toxicity of copper to a partial life cycle of the midge, Chironomus decorus. Archiv. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 16:283-290 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01054945
  17. Kime DE and JP Nash. 1999. Gamete viability as an indicator of reproductive endocrine disruption in fish. Sci. Total Environ. 233: 123-129 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00219-3
  18. Kwak l-S and W Lee. 2003. Effects of the hormone mimetid insecticide tebufenozide on Chironomus flaviplumus larvae. Korean J. Environ. Biol. 21:72-76
  19. Kwak I-S and W Lee. 2003. Effects of the Molting-Hormone Mimetid Insecticide Tebufenozide on Chironol1lus riparius Larvae. Korean J. Environ. Biol. 21:286-291
  20. Kwak I-S and W Lee. 2004. Effects of Ecdysteroid agonist Tebufenozide on freshwater Chironomids. Korean J. Limnol. 37:96-101
  21. Kwak I-S and W Lee. 2004. Detecting Points for Ecological Disruptions and Developmental Delay exposure to DEHP in Chirononzus riparius (Diptera: Chironomidae). Korean J. Environ. Biol. 22:321-328
  22. Kwak I-S and W Lee. 2005. Endpoint for DEHP exposure assessment in Chirononzus riparius. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 74: 1179-1185 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-005-0705-0
  23. Kwak I-S and W Lee. 2005. Two-demensional gel electrophoresis analysis of proteins following tebufenozide treatment of Chironomus riparius. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 74:1159-1165 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-005-0702-3
  24. Kwak I-S and W Lee. 2005. Mouthpart Deformity and Developmental Retardation Exposure of Chironomus plum os us (Diptera: Chironomidae) to Tebufenozide. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 75:859-865 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-005-0829-2
  25. Meregalli G, L Pluymers and F Ollevier. 2000a. Induction of mouthpart deformities in Chironomus riparius larvae exposed to 4-n-nonylphenol. Environ. Pollut. 111:241-246 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00068-3
  26. Meregalli G, L Pluymers, N Van lent and F Ollevier. 2000b. Induction of mouthpart deformities in Chironomus riparius larvae exposed to known endocrine disrupters. Presented at SETAC 3 rd World Congress, 21-25 May, Brighton, UK
  27. Milbrink G. 1983. Characteristic deformities in tubificid oligochaetes inhabiting polluted bays of Lake Vanem, Southern Sweden. Hydrobiologia. 106:169-184 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00006749
  28. Miller RA, LA Norris and CL Hawks. 1973. Toxicity of 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCCD) in aquatic organisms. Environ. Health Perspect. 5:177-186 https://doi.org/10.2307/3428126
  29. Pinder LCV, TG Pottinger, Z Billinghurst and MH Depledge. 1999. Endocrine function in aquatic invertebrates and evidence for disruption by environment pollutants, R & D report TR E67. Bristol, UK: Environment Agency and Endocrine Modulators Steering Group. 150
  30. Schweinfurth H, R Lnge and P Gnzal. 1996. Environmental fate and ecological effects of steroidal estrogens. Presented at IBC Conference, 9-10 May 1996, London, UK
  31. Vermeulen AC, G Liberloo, P Dumont, F Ollevier and BR Goddeeris. 2000. Exposure of Chironomus riparius larvae (Diptera) to lead, mecury and -sitosterol: effects on mouthpart deformation and moulting. Chemosphere 41: 1581-1591 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00033-3
  32. West CW, GT Ankley, JW Nichols, GE Elonen and DE Nessa. 1997. Toxicity and bioaccumulation of 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in long-term tests with the freshwater benthic invertebrates Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 16:1287-1294 https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1287:TABOTP>2.3.CO;2
  33. Warwick WF. 1989. Morphological deformities in larvae of Procladius skuse (Diptera:Chironomidae) and their bio-monitoring potential. Can. J. Fish Aquat. Sci. 46:1255-1271 https://doi.org/10.1139/f89-162
  34. Warwick WF. 1991. Indexing deformities in ligulae and antennae of Procladus larvae (Diptera: Cimonomidae); Application to contaminant-stressed environments. Can. J. Aquat. Sci. 48: 1151-1156 https://doi.org/10.1139/f91-139