Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Effect of Preparation method and Fermentation Conditions on Microbiological Characteristics of Sikhae

어류를 이용한 식해의 제조 방법에 따른 미생물의 특성변화

  • Kim, Young-Sook (Department of Oriental Medical Food and Nutrition, Asia University) ;
  • Oh, Seung-Hee (Department of Diet and Culinary Art Pohang College) ;
  • Kim, Soon-Dong (Department of Food Science and Technology, Catholic University of Daegu)
  • 김영숙 (아시아대학교 한방식품영양학과) ;
  • 오승희 (포항1대학 다이어트과학계열) ;
  • 김순동 (대구가톨릭대학교 식품공학과)
  • Published : 2008.12.31
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Abstract

This study investigated microbial populations and the sensory quality of sikhae including globefish (GLS), flounder (FLS), gastropods (GAS) and whelks (WHS) during storage at 4C for 16 d following fermentation at 10C for 4 d. General bacterial numbers increased to 102 in GLS and FLS, and to 1045 in WHS and GAS after the 20 d fermentation/storage period. Lactic acid bacteria increased to 108 log cycle in GLS and FLS after 10 d ripening time, and reached this level in GAS and WHS after 15 d and 20 d, respectively. After 20 days the number of lactic acid bacteria in each of the four samples was 108. There were 104105 yeast cells/g in each of the four samples after 20 d. The number of Leuconostoc increased to over 108 log cycle after 10 d in GLS and FLS, and 15 days in GAS for WHS the increase was to 107 log cycle. The pH values of GLS, FLS, GAS and WHS 4.42, 4.56, 4.31 and pH 4.26, respectively. The Sikhae acidity for all four samples ranged from 1.551.85%. From the sensory evaluation the overall acceptability was in the order of FLS > GLS > GAS > WHS.

복어식해(GLS), 가자미식해(FLS), 우럭식해(GAS) 및 골뱅이식해(WHS)의 발효 및 저장 중 미생물수의 변화와 관능적 품질을 평가하였다. 발효는 $10^{\circ}C$에서 4일간 행하였으며 저장은 $4^{\circ}C$에서 20일간 행하였다. 발효 저장 중 일반세균은 4일 동안 $10^{\circ}C$에서 저온 숙성시킨 후, $4^{\circ}C$로 이동시켜서 변온저장 하면서 미생물의 변화를 조사하였다. 일반세균수 조사에서 20일째 복어식해와 참가자미식해는 $10^2$이었으며, 우럭식해는 $10^5$, 골뱅이식해는 $10^4$까지 증식하였다. 유산균수는복어식해와 참가자미식해는 숙성기간 10일째 $10^8$으로 증식하였으며, 우럭식해는 15일째, 골뱅이식해는 20일째 각각 $10^8$으로 증식하였다. 미생물 증식은 참가자미식해>복어식해>우럭식해>골뱅이식해 순이었다. 효모조사에서는 복어식해와 참가자미식해는 발효저장 20일째 $10^4{\sim}10^5\;PFU/g$ 까지 증가하였으며, 우럭식해과 골뱅이식해는 0일째는 $10^2$ 이었으나 20일째는 각각 $10^5{\sim}10^4\;PFU/g$까지 증가하였다. 효모에서도 참가자미식해>복어식해>우럭식해>골뱅이식해 순으로 조사되어 균증식이 참가자미식해와 복어식해에서 높았다. 젖산균 조사에서 숙성기간 동안 젖산균수는 0일째 $10^3$으로 증식하였으나, lactobacillus는 발효저장 중 20일째 복어식해, 참가자미식해, 우럭식해, 골뱅이식해가 동일하게 $10^8$으로 증식하였으며, leuconostoc은 복어식해와 참가자미식해는 숙성 10일째 $10^8$ log cycle이상으로 증식되었고, 우럭식해는 15일째 $10^8$, 골뱅이식해는 $10^7$ log cycle로 측정되었다. 조사한 pH 는 복어식해, 참가자미식해는 4.42와 pH 4.56, 우럭식해와 골뱅이식해는 4.31과 pH 4.26으로 측정되었다. 조사한 4종류의 해산물 식해 산도는 1.55-1.85% 로 측정되었다. 관능평가 실험에서 복어식해와 참가자미식해는 종합평가에서 4.17-4.25, 우럭식해와 골뱅이식해는 3.59-3.79로 평가되었으며, 선호도는 참가자미식해>복어식해>우럭식해>골뱅이식해 순이었다.

Keywords

References

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