Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
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The Removal of Dioxins and the Formation of 2, 3, 7, 8-TeCDF in Drinking Water Treatment in Japan

정수처리에서의 다이옥신 제거 및 2, 3, 7, 8-TeCDF 생성

  • Kim, Hyun-koo (Department of Environmental Diagnostics Research, National Institute of Environmental)
  • 김현구 (국립환경과학원 환경진단연구부)
  • Received : 2008.08.27
  • Accepted : 2008.10.21
  • Published : 2008.11.30
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Abstract

To evaluate homologue patterns and removal efficiency before and after water treatment, the concentrations of dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs) were determined in 122 samples from 42 drinking water treatment plants throughout Japan over a two year period. The mean concentrations and toxic equivalent (TEQ) values of dioxins in raw and treated waters were 60.24 pg/L (0.14 pg-WHO-TEQ/L) and 4.15 pg/L (0.016 pg-WHO-TEQ/L), respectively. The dioxins contribution ratio of drinking water in relation to dioxins tolerable daily intake (TDI, 4 pg-TEQ/kg/day) was 0.016%. The mean TEQ removal rate of dioxins by drinking water treatment was over 88%. However, the mean removal rate of 2, 3, 7, 8-TeCDF (tetrachlorodibenzofuran) by water treatment in the 122 samples was minus 17%. Therefore, to identify which process affected the level of 2, 3, 7, 8-TeCDF, the removal efficiencies at both the advanced and conventional water treatment plants were investigated. For the TEQ removal rate across the processes, the dioxin congeners, TeCDF and non-ortho-PCBs remarkably indicated minus values after chlorination in both the advanced and conventional water treatments plant. From this study, the level of 2, 3, 7, 8-TeCDF was found to be increased as a result of chlorination.

먹는물 처리 전후 다이옥신류의 동족체 패턴 및 제거율을 평가하기 위해서 42개의 일본 정수처리장에서 2년간 122개의 시료를 채취해 dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) 및 coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs)를 분석하였다. 다이옥신류의 평균 농도와 독성등가값 (toxic equivalent, TEQ)은 원수와 처리수에서 각각 60.24 pg/L (0.14 pg-WHO-TEQ/L), 4.15 pg/L (0.016 pg-WHO-TEQ/L)였다. 먹는물의 다이옥신류 기여 농도는 일일섭취량 (tolerable daily intake (TDI), 4 pg-TEQ/kg/day)의 0.016%이었다. 정수처리에 의한 다이옥신류의 평균 TEQ 제거율은 88% 이상이었다. 그러나 112개의 샘플에서 2, 3, 7, 8-TeCDF (tetrachlorodibenzofuran)의 농도는 17% 증가하였다. 따라서, 2, 3, 7, 8-TeCDF의 농도에 영향을 미치는 공정을 파악하기 위하여 고도정수처리 및 일반정수처리에서의 제거율을 조사하였다. 다이옥신 동족체(congener)인 TeCDF와 non-ortho-PCB는 고도처리 및 표준정수처리에서 염소소독처리 후 TEQ 농도가 증가함을 보여, 먹는물 중 2, 3, 7, 8-TeCDF 농도는 염소소독처리에 의해 상승한 것으로 밝혀졌다.

Keywords

References

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