References
- Choi, H. C. and Oh, C. H. (1997) Evaluation of skin furrows in the ageing process using an image analysis system. Kor. J. Dermatol. 35, 292-302
- Yaar, M., Gilchrest, B. A., Freedberg, I. M., Eisen, A. Z., Wolff, K., Austen, K. F., Goldsmith, L. A. and Katz, S. I. Aging of skin. (2003) Dermatology ingeneral medicine. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 1386-1398
- Paepe, K. D., Lagarde, J. M., Gall, Y., Roseeuw, D. and Rogiers, V. (2000) Microrelief of the skin using a light transmission method. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 292, 500-510 https://doi.org/10.1007/s004030000166
- Jung, S., Jusudurai, C., Staton, M., Du, Z., Ficklin, S., Cho, I., Abbott, A., Tomkins, J. and Main, D. (2004) GDR (genome database for Rosaceae): integrated web resources for Rosaceae genomics and genetics research, BMC Bioinformatics. 5, 130 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-5-130
- Cho, E. J., Yokozawa, T., Rhyu, D. Y., Kim, S. C., Shibahara, N. and Park, J. C. (2003) Study on the inhibitory effects of korean medicinal plants and their main compounds in the 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. Phytomedicin. 10, 544 https://doi.org/10.1078/094471103322331520
- Choi, J., Lee, K. T., Ha, J., Yun, S. Y., Ko, C. D., Jung, H. J. and Park, H. J. (2003) Anticiceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Niga-ichigoside F1 and 23-hydroxytormentic acid obtained from Rubus coreanus. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26, 1436 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.26.1436
- Oku, H., Ueda, Y. and Ishifuro, K. (2003) Anti-pruritic effects of the fruits of Chaenomeles sinensis. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26, 1031 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.26.1031
- Matsuda, H., Nakamura, S. and Kubo, M. (1994) Studies of cuticle drugs from natural sources. II Inhibitory effects of prunus plants on melamin biosynthesis. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 17, 1417 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.17.1417
- Gao, H., Wu, L., Kuroyanagi, M., Harada, K., Kawahara, N., Nakane, T., Umehara, K., Hirasawa, A. and Nakamura, Y. (2003) Antitumor-promoting constituents from Chaenomeles sinensis K. and their activities in B16 mouse epidermal cells. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 51, 1318 https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.51.1318
- Kim, Y. M., Yun, J., Lee, C. K., Lee, H., Min, K. R. and Kim, Y. (2002) Oxyresveratrol and hydroxystibene compounds, inhibitory effect on tyrosinase and mechanisim of action. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 16340 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M200678200
- Kim, J. O. (2005) In Illustrated Natural Drugs Encyclopedia (Color Edition). Yeokang Press. Korea. 1, 437
- Kam, W. S. (1981) Pharmaceutical Botany. A national Chinese medicinne institute. pp. 305-306
- Ju, Y. C. (1989) The northeast medicinal plant. Amur river scientific Press. pp. 212-214
- Lee, S. J. (1976) Korea folk medicine. Seomoondang Press. pp. 116
- Han, B. H. and Han, Y. N. (1978) Immuno-suppressant activity of cherry bark extract. Kor. J. Pharmacog. 173-175
- Park, S. J. and Kang, Y. K. (1996) Species Identification of Tripitaka Koreana. Mokchae Konghak. 24, 80-89
- Hasegawa, M. and Shirato, T. (1954) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 76, 5559 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01650a087
- Lee, H. J., Lee, S. S., Choi, D. H. and Atsushi, Kato. (2001) Studies on biological activity of wood extractives (VI)- Flavonoids in heartwood of Prunus sargentii. Mokchae Konghak. 29, 133-139
- Lee, H. J., Lee, S. S. and Choi, D. H. (2003) Studies on biological activity of wood extractives (VII)-Antimicrobial and anti-oxidative activities of extractives from the heartwood of Prunus sargentii. Mokchae Konghak. 31, 16-23
- Association of Analytical Chemists. (1984) Offical methods of analysis of the AOAC. 14th ed. Washington (DC): Association of Analytical Chemists INC
- Blois, M. S. (1958) Antioxidant determination by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 26, 1199-1120
- Marklund, S. and Marklund, G. (1974) Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur. J. Biochem. 47, 469-474 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03714.x
- Stirpe, F. and Della Corte, E. (1969) The regulation of rat liver xanthine oxidase. Conversion in vitro of the enzyme activity from dehydrogenase (type D) to oxidase (type O). J. Biol. Chem. 244, 3855-3863
- Buege, J. A. and Aust, S. D. (1978) Microsomal lipid peroxidation. Method in Enzymol. 105, 302-310
- Yagi, A., Kanbara, T. and Morinobu, N. (1986) The effect of tyrosinase inhibition for aloe. Planta Medica. 3981, 517-519
- Reissig, J. L. Storminger, J. L. and Leloir, L. F. (1955) A modified colorimetric method for the estimation of Nacetylamino sugars. J. Biol. Chem. 217, 959-966
- Conner, D. E. and Beuchat, L. R. (1984) Sensitivity of heatstressed yeast to essential oils of plants. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 47, 229-233
- Yoshizawa, S., Horiuchi, T., Yoshida, T. and Okuda, T. (1987) Antitumor promoting activity of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, the main constitutent of tannin in green tea. Phytother. Res. 1, 44- 47 https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2650010110
- Jung, S. J., Lee, J. H., Song, H. N., Seong, N. S., Lee, S. E. and Baek, N. I. (2004) Screening for antioxidant of plant medicinal extracts. J. Korea Soc. Appl. Biol. Chem. 47, 135- 140
- Kim, S. J., Han, D. S., Moon, K. D. and Thee, J. S. (1995) Measurement of superoxide dismutase-like activity of natural antioxidants. Biotech. Biochem. 59, 822-826 https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.59.822
- An, B. J., Lee, J. T., Lee, C. E., Kim, J. H., Son, J. H., Kwak, J. H., Lee, J. Y., Park, T. S., Bae, H. J., Jang, M. J. and Jo, C. (2005) A study on physiological activities of Coptidis Rhizoma and application for cosmetic ingredients. Kor. J. Herbology. 20, 83-92
- Kim, O. K., Lee, T. G., Park, Y. B., Park, D. C., Lee, Y. W., Yeo, S. G., Kim, I. S., Park, Y. H. and Kim, S. B. (1996) Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by seaweed extracts. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 25, 1069-1073
- Jung, S. W., Lee, N. K., Kim, S. J., Han, D. S. (1995) Screening of tyrosinase inhibitor from plants. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 27, 891-896
- Cha, B. C. and Lee, E. H. (2004) Anti-oxidant and antiinflammation activities of Prunus perscica tree extracts. Korean J. Medicinal Crop. Sci. 12, 289-294
- Nathan, C. F. (1992) Nitric oxide as a secretory product of mammalian cells. FASEB J. 6, 3051-3064 https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.6.12.1381691
- Guzik, T. J., Korbut, R. and Adamek-Guzik, T. (2003) Nitric oxide and superoxide in inflammation and immune response. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 54, 469-487
-
Byun, S. H., Yang, C. H. and Kim, S. C. (2005) Inhibitory effect of Scrophulariae Radix extract on TNF-
${\alpha}$ , IL-$1{\beta}$ , IL-6 and nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated Raw 264.7 cells. Kor. J. Herbology. 20, 7-16 - Kim, H. K., Chun, H. J. and Han, Y. S. (1998) Screening of antimicrobial activity of the dandelion extract. Kor. J. Soc. Food Sci. 14, 144-147
- Kang, S. K. (1995) Isolation and antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial substance obtained from leaf mustard. J. Kor. Soc. Food Nutr. 24, 695-701