Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Factors Related to Bone Mineral Content Among Adolescents in Seoul

서울시 일부 청소년의 골질량 관련요인

  • Shin, Sang-Ah (Department of Public Health Nutrition Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University) ;
  • Hong, Kyung-Eui (Department of Public Health Nutrition Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University) ;
  • Choi, Hyun-Jeong (Department of Public Health Nutrition Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University) ;
  • Roh, Ji-Hyun (Department of Public Health Nutrition Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University) ;
  • Joung, Hyo-Jee (Department of Public Health Nutrition Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
  • Published : 2008.03.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to bone mineral contents (BMC) at os calcis of adolescents. The subjects were 604 students (327 boys and 277 girls) between 7th and 9th grade in Seoul, Korea. The mean age was 14.2 ${\pm}$ 0.9 years. General characteristics were collected by a questionnaire, bone mineral contents (BMC) were measured in os calcis by Duel Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (PIXI, General Electronics, USA) and height and weight were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis method (Inbody 4.0, Biospace Co. Ltd, Seoul, Korea). Mean BMC of os calsis were 2.241 g. Height (p <.0001), weight (p <.0001I), BMC (p <.0001I) ofboys were higher than those of girls. Percent body fat of girls, however, was higher than that of boys (p <.0001). Anthropometric measurement, pocket money, sibling, experience of fracture, pubertal stage, intake of supplements, physical or outdoors activity, and eating habit had significant influence on BMC of boys. Anthropometric measurement, physical or outdoors activity, and eating habit had significant influence on BMC of girls. Multivariate regression with adjustment for sex and age showed that BMC was associated positively with height, BMI, frequency of regular activity, and intake of spinach or radish leaves (all p <0.05), and negatively with percent body fat (p <.0000 and Korean traditional diet pattern (p = 0.01). On the basis of these results, it is recommended to develop nutrition education and physical activity program for adolescents to improve BMC and prevent osteoporosis.

청소년기의 골건강에 영향을 줄 수 있는 신체계측치와 사회경제적 요인, 출생 당시의 모체의 건강상태 및 모유수유, 대상자의 건강상태, 생활습관 및 식습관 요인을 분석한 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 조사 대상자의 평균 연령은 14.2세, 신장 162.7 cm, 체중 57.3 kg이었고, 비만 및 과체중 유별률은 27.3%였다 우측 종골의 골밀도는 0.518% $g/cm^2$, 골질량은 2.241 g이었다. 2) 월 3만원 이상 용돈을 사용하는 남학생의 골질량이 3만원 이하 용돈을 사용하는 남학생에 비해서 유의하게 높았고, 형제가 없는 남학생의 경우 골질량이 유의하게 높았다. 출생시 어머니의 나이가 30세 이전인 학생들의 골질량이 유의하지는 않지만 높은 경향이 있었다. 3) 골절 경험이 있는 남학생의 골질량이 골절 경험이 없는 남학생에 비해 유의하게 높았고, 2차 성징이 늦은 남학생의 골질량이 높았다. 영양제를 섭취하지 않은 남학생의 골질량이 높았고, 활동적인 신체 활동과 규칙적인 운동, 야외활동을 많이 하는 학생들의 골질량이 유의하게 높았다. 4) 다양한 음식을 골고루 섭취하는 남학생의 골질량이 유의하게 높았고, 충분한 물을 섭취할 때 남학생과 여학생의 골질량이 유의하게 높았다. 밥 위주의 전통식을 하루 두끼 이상 섭취하는 여학생의 골질량이 유의하게 낮았다. 치즈, 생선류, 시금치 및 무청나물의 섭취가 대상자들의 골질량에 관련성이 있었다. 5) 다중회귀분석 모델에서 신장, BMI, 운동 횟수, 시금치 또는 무청나물의 섭취횟수의 골질량 설명력은 64.9%였다. 이상의 연구 결과에서 청소년기 골질량 향상을 위해서는 규칙적인 운동과 신체활동으로 체지방률을 낮추고, 칼슘 급원 식품과 더불어 다양한 음식을 골고루 섭취하도록 해야 할 것이다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 청소년기 학생들에게 골질량 향상을 위해 신체 활동 증가를 통한 생활 습관 교육 프로그램과 올바른 식습관 형성을 위한 식사 교육 프로그램을 실시한다면 이들이 성인이 되었을 때 발생할 수 있는 골감소증 및 골다공증을 예방할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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