The Study on Quantifying and Evaluating for the Functions of Flood Control and Fostering Water Resources in Agriculture

농업의 홍수조절기능과 수자원함양기능 계량화 및 가치평가에 관한 연구

  • Seo, Myung-Chul (Agro-Environmental Multifunction Assessment Team, National Institute of Agricultual Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Kang, Ki-Kyung (Agro-Environmental Multifunction Assessment Team, National Institute of Agricultual Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Hyun, Byung-Geun (Agro-Environmental Multifunction Assessment Team, National Institute of Agricultual Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Yun, Hong-Bae (Agro-Environmental Multifunction Assessment Team, National Institute of Agricultual Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Eom, Ki-Cheol (Agro-Environmental Multifunction Assessment Team, National Institute of Agricultual Science & Technology, RDA)
  • 서명철 (농업과학기술원 농업환경부 다원기능팀) ;
  • 강기경 (농업과학기술원 농업환경부 다원기능팀) ;
  • 현병근 (농업과학기술원 농업환경부 다원기능팀) ;
  • 윤홍배 (농업과학기술원 농업환경부 다원기능팀) ;
  • 엄기철 (농업과학기술원 농업환경부 다원기능팀)
  • Received : 2008.02.22
  • Accepted : 2008.03.25
  • Published : 2008.04.30

Abstract

In order to share the understanding agricultural multifunctionality with people, we carried out quantification and monetary evaluation for controlling flood and fostering water resources function in paddy and upland farming in Korea. The amount of water controlling flood and fostering water resources function in paddy farming was much greater than that in upland. The quantification of flood control function could be estimated by sum of the height of dike and water infiltrated during the flooding periods in paddy farming, and water excepting runoff water from precipitation at flooding time in upland farming. As results of estimation of flood control function, the amounts of water controlling flood have been evaluated as $294mm\;year^{-1}$ in paddy farming and $72.6mm\;year^{-1}$ upland farming, and was calculated 3.71 billion MT on a nation basis in 2006. When it was carried out monetary estimation as the cost of dam construction and the depreciation expense by using replacement cost method, flood control functions in paddy and upland were evaluated as 44,338.9 and 7,221.5 billion won, respectively. Comparing with previous reports, monetary value was analyzed much to increase because of rising price cost recently. Fostering water resource functions were also quantified in paddy and upland farming as the amount of water keeping and infiltrating water during the cultivation. In the basis of estimation model, it was showed that paddy and upland farming had been estimated to have $414.28mm\;year^{-1}$, $18.7mm\;year^{-1}$, respectively. They were also calculated to 4.49 and 0.137 billion MT on a nation basis in 2006, respectively. The economic values of fostering water resources function in paddy and upland farming were also estimated to 1,769.4 and 52.8 billion won, respectively, as replacing the amount of water to the cost of drinking water in 2006. There were differences by much to the amounts of controlling flood function and fostering water resource between paddy and upland farming. It means that paddy farming more play an important role in environment than upland farming in Korea.

농업이 가지고 있는 환경보전기능에 관한 내재적 가치를 공유하기 위하여 논농사와 밭농사에서 홍수조절기능과 수자원함양기능에 대한 계량화와 대체법을 이용한 경제적 가치를 평가하였다. 논농사에서 홍수조절기능은 논둑높이와 홍수기간 투수되는 물의 양을 더해 추정하였으며 밭농사의 경우는 홍수기 강우량에서 유출량을 제하고 남은 물의 양을 홍수조절량으로 설정하였다. 설정된 추정모형을 기초로 하여 관련 자료를 분석한 결과 논농사는 $294mm\;year^{-1}$, 밭농사는 $72.6mm\;year^{-1}$로 산출되었으며 2006년 기준으로 우리나라 농업의 전체 홍수조절량은 년간 37.1억 톤으로평가되었다. 이 물량을 기준으로 댐건설비와 유지비로 대체하여 경제성 분석을 수행한 결과 논농사는 44조 3,389원, 밭농사는 7조 2,215억원으로 평가되었다. 기존 보고된 결과들과 비교하였을 때 근래 댐건설비의 상승된 요인으로 평가액이 크게 상승한 것으로 분석되었다. 수자원함양기능을 계량화가기 위하여 논농사의 경우는 평균 담수심에 담수기간동안 투수된 물량을 더하고 지하로 유입되는 비율을 곱하여 산정을 하였으며 밭농사의 경우는 포화수리전도도에 투수될 수 있는 기간을 곱하고 여기에 지하로 유입되는 비율을 곱하여 추정할 수 있는 모형을 설정하였다. 설정된 추정모형을 근거로 하여 관련 자료를 분석한 결과 논농사와 밭농사에서 각각 $414.3mm\;year^{-1}$, $18.7mm\;year^{-1}$로 수자원함양량이 산출되었다. 산출된 수자원함양량을 2006년을 기준으로 우리나라 논농사와 밭농사 전체에 적용한 결과 각각 44.9억 톤과 1.34억 톤으로 추정되었다. 수자원함양기능은 지하수 자원과 관련되어 있기 때문에 정수된 물의 단가를 기준으로 금액화를 하였는데 2006년을 기준으로 하였을 때 논농사와 밭농사가 각각 1조 7694억원, 528억원으로 평가되었으며 기존 보고와 유사한 결과를 보여주고 있었다. 홍수조절기능과 수자원함양기능은 논농사와 밭농사의 재배양식의 차이로 인해 산출량과 가치에 있어 크게 차이가 있었으며 논둑을 조성하여 항상 물을 가두고 작물을 재배하는 논농사가 밭농사보다 훨씬 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. An. Y. S. An, E. J. Kim, Y. Kim, J. H. Seo and K. H. Kang. 2002. Assessment on Beneficial Function of Rural Socio-culture. The symposium on th Valuation of Multifunctionality of Agriculture and Rural Community by NIAST. Official No. 11-1390572- 000011-01. p. 91-117.
  2. Choi. C. H. 2000. Strategy for Maintaining Agricultural Multifuctionality under WTO System. Symposium of Multifunctionality in Agriculture, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology(NIAST). p. 12-15.
  3. Eom. K. C. et. al. 1993. Public Benefit from Paddy Soil. The Journal of Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer. Vol. 26(4):314-333.
  4. Ho. U. Y. 1984. A Study on the Estimation and the Evaluation Methods of Public Function of Forest. The Journal of Korean Forest Society. Vol. 66:68-73.
  5. Hyun, B. K. M. S. Kim, K. C. Eom, K. K. Kang, H. B. Yun and M. C. Seo, 2003. Evaluation of Function of Upland Farming for Preventing Flood and Fostering Water Resources. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. Vol. 36(3):163-179.
  6. Hyun. B. G. 2002. Studies on Evaluation of Environmental Benefits from Upland Farming. Kyunghee University, Ph. D thesis. p. 12-56.
  7. Jung. H. U. et al. 2002. Assessment on Beneficial Function of Agricultural Irrigation Water. Report of MAF and KARICO, 2002-10-23. p. 21-239.
  8. Jung. K. Y. et al. 1996. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Upland Crop Cultivation on the Conservation of National Environments. Report of Project on Agricultural Research and Development, RDA. p. 101-104.
  9. Kim. B. Y. 1991. Values and Function of Agriculture Viewed to Environmental Conservation. Research and Instruction, RDA. Vol 32(2):88-91.
  10. Kim. J. H. et al. 2007. Research on Quantification of Beneficial Function in Forest. Kore Forest Research Institute. p. 23
  11. Lee. G., Y. C. Yoon and J. J. Kim. 1993. Studies on the Quantification of Welfare Functions of Forests(III). Ministry of Science and Technology. p. 159-181.
  12. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. 2001. 2001 Report of Agricultural Irrigation Water Quality Measurement Network. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, and KARICO. p. 131
  13. National Emergency Management Agency. 2004. 2002 Disaster White Paper. National Emergency Management Agency. p. 23-32.
  14. OECD. 2001. Multifunctionality Towards an Analytical Framework. OECD. p. 27-55.
  15. Oh. S. I., D. W. Kim, and H. J. Park. 2004. A Public Survey on Multifunctionality of Agriculture. Korean Research Economic Institute, p. 7., Korea.
  16. Park. P. S., D. G. Seo., and S. J. Jo. 2001. Evaluation Method of Multifunctionality in Agriculture. RDA, Department of Technology Management and Information . p 29-30.
  17. Rural Development Administratiom(RDA). 1995. Practical Sequences of Main Crops. Rural Development Administrative. Official No. 31200-51763-67-9523. p. 4-7.
  18. Seo. M. C. 2005. The Quanitative Evaluation of Environmental Conservation Function at Paddy Farming in Korea. Korea University, Ph. D thesis. p. 49-61.
  19. Seo. M. C. et al. 2001. Assessment of Positive Function of Paddy Farming According to Agricultural Production Conditions. Report on Research of Agricultural Environment, NIAST, Official No. 11-1390093-000064-10. p. 355-377.