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Characterization of Extracellular Cholesterol Oxidase Produced from Soil Microorganism

토양 미생물로부터 생산된 Extracellular Cholesterol Oxidase의 특성

  • 박정수 (수원대학교 생명과학과) ;
  • 정종문 (수원대학교 생명과학과)
  • Published : 2008.11.28

Abstract

Cholesterol oxidase catalyses the conversion of cholesterol to 4-cholesten-3-one. This enzyme has been used for clinical assay of human serum cholesterol and for reduction of cholesterol level in foods and feeds. In order to search the microorganism which has a high extracellular and stable activity of cholesterol oxidase, soil microorganisms were screened. As a result, the one with the highest extracellular cholesterol oxidase activity was obtained and named as the BEN 115. The BEN 115 strain was identified as one of the Nocardia species based on our taxonomic studies. The cholesterol oxidase from this strain was shown to have two bands of extracellular proteins on SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Their molecular masses were estimated to be about 55 and 57 kDa, respectively. In addition, this cholesterol oxidase was considerably stable at the broad range of pH $3.5{\sim}9.5$ and at the temperature of $25{\sim}55^{\circ}C$. The optimum pH and temperature of this cholesterol oxidase were pH 5.5 and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. The activity of extracellular cholesterol oxidase could be enhanced 1.6 to 2.0 folds by the addition of nonionic detergent such as Triton X-114, Triton X-100, or Tween-80 into the culturing broth. The substrate specificities against campesterol, sitosterol and stigmasterol were measured to be 50%, 50%, and 27%, respectively, compared to the cholesterol. These results suggest that Nocardia sp. BEN 115 may be useful as a microbial source of cholesterol oxidase production.

본 연구에서는 산업적으로 사용될 수 있는 안정하고 활성이 높은 cholesterol oxidase를 생산하는 균주를 얻기 위해 토양 미생물로부터 균주를 선별하였다. 선별된 균주에 대하여 세포외 효소 활성을 측정한 결과 BEN 115로 명명한 균주가 가장 높은 효소 활성도를 나타내었다. 이 균주는 형태학적, 생리학적 특성과 배양형태 및 G+C 함량을 분석한 결과 Nocardia속으로 확인되었다. 최적 효소 생산 조건을 조사한 결과 기존 yeast malt extract broth 조성인 0.4% yeast extract, 0.4% glucose, 1% malt extract에서 가장 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 본 균주에서 생산된 extracellular cholesterol oxidase는 SDS-PAGE와 Western blot 결과 분자량이 55, 57 kDa인 두 종류의 효소가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. BEN 115에 대한 효소학적 특성을 연구한 결과 온도 안정성은 $55^{\circ}C$까지 효소 활성이 유지되었고, pH 안정성은 pH $3.5{\sim}9.5$의 범위까지 안정한 것으로 나타났으며 최적 온도와 최적 pH는 각각 35oC와 pH 5.5인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 detergent(Triton X-100, Triton X-114 그리고 Tween 80) 첨가 시 효소 활성이 첨가하지 않은 대조군보다 약 $1.6{\sim}2.0$배 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. Campesterol, sitosterol 그리고 stigmasterol에 대한 기질 특이성은 cholesterol(100%)과 상대적으로 비교 시 각각 50%, 50% 그리고 27%의 기질 특이성을 나타내었다.

Keywords

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