Effect of Nozzle Cap Geometry for Swirl-Type Two-Fluid Nozzle on the Spray Characteristics

선회형 이유체노즐의 노즐캡 형상에 따른 분무특성

In the case of heavy duty diesel engines, the Urea-SCR system is currently considered to reduce the NOx emission as a proved technology, and it is widely studied to get the high performance and durability. However, the nozzles to inject the urea-water solution into the exhaust pipe occur some problems, including the nozzle clogging, deposition of urea-water solution on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe, resulting in the production of urea salt. In this study, a swirl-type twin-fluid nozzle to produce more fine droplets was used as a method to solve the problems. The effect of the nozzle cap geometry, including the length to diameter ratio ($l_o/d_o$) and chamfer, on the spray characteristics were investigated experimentally. The length to diameter ratio of nozzle cap were varied from 0.25 to 1.125. The chamfer angle of the nozzle cap was constant at 90o. The mean velocity and droplet size distributions of the spray were measured using a 2-D PDA (phase Doppler analyzer) system, and the spray half-width, AMD (arithmetic mean diameter) and SMD (Sauter mean diameter) were analyzed. At result, The larger length to diameter ratio of nozzle cap were more small SMD and AMD. The effect of the chamfer did increase the radial velocity, while it did not affect the atomization effect.